ウイルス性B型肝炎
Ching Lung Lai1, Vlad Ratziu, Man-Fung Yuen
1Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China. hrmelcl@hkucc.hku.hk
Lancet (London, England)
|December 31, 2003
まとめ
B型肝炎ウイルスの感染は,世界中で4億人以上が罹患しており,肝臓がんやその他の重篤な疾患につながる. ワクチンや治療法の進歩は,慢性B型肝炎 (HBV) 感染症の管理に希望をもたらしています.
科学分野:
- 肝臓病理学 肝臓病理学
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
背景:
- 慢性B型肝炎ウイルス (HBV) 感染症は,世界中で4億人以上の人々に影響を与えています.
- HBVは肝がん,胃腸出血,アシテスの主要な原因です.
- HBVの診断と治療において,著しい進歩が達成されています.
研究 の 目的:
- B型肝炎の診断と治療における最近の進歩をレビューする.
- HBV変異体を理解する上で分子ウイルス学の役割について議論する.
- HBV感染における低ウイルス負荷とゲノタイプの臨床的重要性を調査する.
主な方法:
- B型肝炎の診断と治療に関する現在の文献のレビュー.
- HBV変異を含む分子ウイルス学における進歩の分析.
- ウイルス負荷とゲノタイプの臨床的意義に関する調査.
主要な成果:
- B型肝炎ワクチンは,肝がんの発生率を効果的に減少させます.
- 分子ウイルス学は,自然に発生するおよび治療によって引き起こされるHBV変異体の理解を進めてきました.
- 現在の単独治療法 (インターフェロン,ラミブジン,アデフォビルディピボキシル) は,HBVを滅多に根絶することはないが,ウイルスの複製,死炎,および線維症の進行を減少させる.
- ラミブジンのようなヌクレオシド類は,肝硬変を逆転させる可能性を示しています.
結論:
- B型肝炎ワクチン接種は,肝がんの予防に不可欠です.
- 分子ウイルス学の継続的な研究は,HBVを理解し,それと闘うための鍵です.
- 治療法ではないが,現在の治療法は慢性HBV患者の治療結果を大幅に改善し,肝臓損傷を逆転させる可能性がある.
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