ヤナRHS遺跡:最後の氷河期最大期前の北極における人類
V V Pitulko1, P A Nikolsky, E Yu Girya
1Institute for the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 Dvortsovaya nab., St. Petersburg 191186, Russia. pitulko.volodya@nmnh.si.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 6, 2004
まとめ
古代人類は2万7千年前に北極に生息し,これは以前から知られていたよりもずっと早い時期だ. シベリアのこの遺跡は,極端な氷河期環境への洗練された適応を明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 旧石器時代の考古学考古学について
- 北極の古生態学
- 人間の適応に関する研究
背景:
- 特に氷河期の間,北極地域の人間の占領の時間軸はほとんど理解されていません.
- これまでの証拠は,北極に人間の存在が2万7千年前よりもずっと後期に存在することを示唆していた.
研究 の 目的:
- シベリアの北極で重要な古石器時代の遺跡の発見を報告するために.
- この高緯度地域における人間の存在の初期の日付を確立するために.
- 初期の北極の生存戦略についての洞察を得るために,人工物を分析する.
主な方法:
- ヤナ川の遺跡からの有機物質の放射性炭素年代測定.
- 考古学的な発掘と石器や野生動物の遺骸の分析.
- プレイストセンの後半の北極の古環境再建.
主要な成果:
- シベリアのヤナ川で古石器時代の遺跡が発見され,現在より27,000年前の放射性炭素年代とされています.
- この時期は,北極で人類がかつて行ったことのあるどの活動よりも約2倍も古いのです.
- アーティファクトには,独特のサイとマモスの前頭軸,道具,そしてが含まれており,先進的な旧石器時代の技術を示しています.
結論:
- 極度のプレイストセンの北極環境への人間の適応は,以前に記録されたよりもかなり早く起こった.
- ヤナ川の遺跡は,高緯度の氷河環境における初期の人間の回復力と技術能力の重要な証拠を提供します.
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