湿った市場 - - 深刻な急性呼吸器症候群とインフルエンザの継続的な原因?
1Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. robert.webster@stjude.org
Lancet (London, England)
|January 24, 2004
まとめ
生きた動物の市場は,SARSの新型コロナウイルスやインフルエンザのような新型ウイルスの潜在的な源泉です. 生態系を理解することで,将来のアウトブレイクの早期警告システムとして機能できます.
科学分野:
- 獣医医学 獣医医学は,獣医医学というものです.
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- アジアでよくある生動物市場では,家禽,哺乳類,爬虫類を含む様々な動物が販売されています.
- これらの市場は,H5N1鳥インフルエンザやSARSコロナウイルスなどの動物性感染症の伝播に関与している.
- 冷却にもかかわらず,生きた動物を好む傾向が続いているため,病気の感染リスクが高まっている.
研究 の 目的:
- 動物性感染症の発生の潜在的な源として,生動物の市場が果たす役割を調査する.
- ウィルス感染を促進する湿地市場における生態学的要因を調査する.
- 潜在的なパンデミックに対する早期警告システムとして,生動物の市場監視を確立する.
主な方法:
- ヒマラヤ・パーム・シベットから重症急性呼吸器症候群 (SARS) コロナウイルス (CoV) を分離し,ラクオン・ドッグで血清学的証拠を検出.
- 生きている家禽の市場における疾病伝染の動態の分析.
- 湿地市場におけるウイルス生態のモニタリング.
主要な成果:
- SARS-CoVはヒマラヤのナツメシベットから隔離され,ウサギ犬や市場労働者の感染の証拠がありました.
- 生きた家禽の市場が,H5N1鳥インフルエンザのヒトへの感染源として特定されました.
- この研究は,SARSの動物性感染症の起源の仮説を支持し,再発のリスクを強調しています.
結論:
- 生きた動物の市場では,SARS-CoVとインフルエンザを含む動物性感染症ウイルスの出現と再出現に重大なリスクがあります.
- これらの市場のウイルス生態に関する知識は,効果的な早期警告システムの開発に不可欠です.
- 公衆衛生戦略では,将来のアウトブレイクを防ぐために,生動物の市場における強化された監視を検討すべきである.
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