スムクタイトからイリリトへの反応における微生物の役割
Jinwook Kim1, Hailiang Dong, Jennifer Seabaugh
1Naval Research Laboratory, Seafloor Sciences Branch, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529, USA. jkim@nrlssc.navy.mil
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 7, 2004
まとめ
微生物は,温和な条件下で,石油探査に不可欠なスムクタイトからイリリト (S-I) 反応を加速させることができます. この発見は,この地質学的変容のために高温と高圧を必要とする伝統的なモデルに挑戦しています.
科学分野:
- 地質化学 地質化学
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- ダイアゲネシス・ディアジェネシス
背景:
- スムクタイトからイリリト (S-I) 反応は,重要なダイアゲネティックプロセスです.
- この反応は,石油探査と貯蔵庫の質評価に不可欠です.
- 伝統的に,高温,高圧,長い時間は,S−I反応に不可欠と考えられています.
研究 の 目的:
- スムクタイトからイリリト (S-I) 反応における微生物の役割を調査する.
- 微生物の活動がS−I反応の運動学と条件を変更できるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 制御された実験室環境下で,特定の微生物でスムクタイトのインキュベーション.
- 先進的な特徴化技術を用いた鉱物学的変化の分析.
- 反応速度と条件をアビオティックS-I反応と比較.
主要な成果:
- 微生物の活動は,S-I反応を著しく加速させた.
- この反応は,室温と1大気中の微生物によって14日以内に促進されました.
- 微生物はFe (III) 還元によってスムクタイトの溶解を容易にした.
結論:
- ダイアゲネティックプロセスに対する微生物の影響は,これまで理解されていたよりもはるかに重要だ.
- S-I反応は,穏やかな,生物学的に媒介された条件下で起こり,従来のモデルに挑戦することができます.
- この発見は,地下流体流と石油システムの理解に意味を持つ.
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