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喫煙と男性における白内障のリスクに関する前向きな研究
W G Christen1, J E Manson, J M Seddon
1Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215.
JAMA
|August 26, 1992
まとめ
喫煙は,核硬化症と後部サブカプスラー白内障を発症するリスクを大幅に高めます. 強い喫煙者 (毎日20本以上のタバコを吸う者) は,最も高いリスクに直面し,過去の喫煙者は,後部サブカプスラー白内障のリスクが潜在的に増加していることを示しています.
科学分野:
- オフタルモロジック (眼科)
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 白内障は,世界的に視力障害の主要な原因です.
- 白内障の発症におけるライフスタイル要因,特に喫煙の役割については,さらなる解明が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 喫煙と年齢関連の白内障の発生率との関連を調査する.
- 喫煙が特定のタイプの白内障,すなわち核硬化症と後部サブカプセル白内障に影響するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 医師の健康調査 (N=17,824人の男性医師) のデータを活用した前向きなコホート研究.
- ベースライン喫煙状態 (現在,過去,決して) を評価した.
- インシデント白内障の診断は,60ヶ月のフォローアップにわたる医療記録のレビューを通じて確認されました.
主要な成果:
- 現在,毎日20本以上のタバコを吸っている人は,白内障のリスクが著しく高かった (RR, 2.05).
- 重度の喫煙は,核硬化症 (RR,2.24) と後部サブカプスラー白内障 (RR,3.17) のリスクの増加と関連していました.
- 過去の喫煙者は,後部サブカプセル白内障のリスクの増加傾向を示しました (RR, 1.44; P=.07).
結論:
- 喫煙は,核硬化症と後部サブカプスラー白内障を発症させる重要な危険因子です.
- この発見は,喫煙が白内障発生に寄与するという仮説を裏付けている.
- 公共衛生の取り組みは,白内障の負担を減らすために禁煙を強調すべきである.
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