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関連する概念動画

RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 10, 2026

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
11:34

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

Published on: August 9, 2019

t7 RNAポリメラーゼによる基板選択の構造的基礎

Dmitry Temiakov1, Vsevolod Patlan, Michael Anikin

  • 1Morse Institute for Molecular Genetics, Department of Microbiology, SUNY Health Science Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11203, USA.

Cell
|March 16, 2004
PubMed
まとめ

RNAポリメラーゼ (RNAP) は,DNAポリメラーゼとは異なり,開かれた形状の基板を選択します. この発見は,触媒活性化前の基板選択のための新しいメカニズムを明らかにし,RNAP全体で潜在的に普遍的です.

さらに関連する動画

DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling
08:04

DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling

Published on: October 8, 2019

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
09:26

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
11:34

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

Published on: August 9, 2019

DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling
08:04

DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling

Published on: October 8, 2019

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
09:26

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

科学分野:

  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー

背景:

  • ヌクレオチドポリメラーゼは,DNA複製と転写の信頼性にとって極めて重要です.
  • ポリIDNAポリメラーゼにおける基板選択は,開いた形状から閉じた形状への移行と関連しています.
  • DNAポリメラーゼにおける基板選択の決定因子は,閉じた状態と関連しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • シングルサブユニットRNAポリメラーゼ (RNAP) で基板選択メカニズムが保存されているかどうかを調査する.
  • T7 RNAP延伸複合体の構造を,受信する基板アナログで決定する.

主な方法:

  • T7 RNAP延長複合体の構造を決定するX線結晶学.
  • オープンコンフォーメーションにおける基板結合の構造分析.
  • マルチサブユニットRNAPのモデリング.

主要な成果:

  • T7RNAPは,DNAポリメラーゼとは異なり,基板をオープンな形状で結合する.
  • 基板結合は,開いた状態のテンプレートベースとベースペアリングを伴う.
  • タイロシン639 (Tyr639) は,リボースとデオキシリボース基板を区別しています.

結論:

  • RNAPにおける基質の選択は,触媒的に活性な形状へのイソメリゼーションの前に起こります.
  • このメカニズムは,核酸ポリメラーゼにおける基板選択のための新しい経路を表しています.
  • このメカニズムは,マルチサブユニット形態を含むすべてのRNAPにわたって保存されている可能性が示唆されています.