天然の代謝物質に反応するリボ酵素による遺伝子発現の制御
Wade C Winkler1, Ali Nahvi, Adam Roth
1Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, PO Box 208103, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8103, USA.
Nature
|March 19, 2004
まとめ
科学者たちは,メタボライトのレベルを感知することによって,細菌の遺伝子発現を制御する新しいリボ酵素を発見しました. この発見は,古代のRNAベースの遺伝スイッチが,現代の細胞でまだ機能している可能性があることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- 生物学的触媒,または酵素は,通常,タンパク質です.
- 自然に生じるリボ酵素 (RNA酵素) の8つのクラスは,重要な生化学反応を触媒として作用することが知られている.
- リボ酵素の存在は",RNA世界"仮説を支持し,RNAがタンパク質とDNAに先行したことを示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 新種のリボ酵素とその機能を特定する.
- 遺伝子調節におけるリボ酵素の役割を調査する.
- 遺伝子制御システムとしてのリボ酵素の進化的重要性を探求する.
主な方法:
- グラム陽性細菌における新しいリボ酵素クラスの特定.
- リボジームとglmSメッセンジャーRNAの相互作用の分析.
- グルコサミン-6-リン酸塩 (GlcN6P) によってリボ酵素の活性化メカニズムを調査.
主要な成果:
- glmS遺伝子のメッセンジャーRNAを分割する新しいリボ酵素が特定されました.
- リボ酵素は,その代謝産物であるグルコサミン-6-リン酸 (GlcN6P) によって活性化されます.
- リボ酵素は遺伝子スイッチとして機能し,GlcN6Pレベルが上昇すると,glmS遺伝子発現を抑制します.
結論:
- リボ酵素は代謝成分のセンサーとして作用し,遺伝子発現を調節することができます.
- この発見は,代謝物質に反応する遺伝子スイッチの証拠を提供します.
- 現代の細胞は,古代のRNAベースの遺伝子制御システムを保持している可能性があります.
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