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イラク南部の人権侵害に医師の関与
Chen Reis1, Ameena T Ahmed, Lynn L Amowitz
1Physicians for Human Rights, Boston, Mass 02116, USA. CReis@phrusa.org
JAMA
|March 25, 2004
まとめ
イラクの医師は,報告の偽造や切断を含む人権侵害に参加し,しばしば準軍事軍の圧迫を受けた. 予防には,医者のための倫理教育と法的保障の強化が必要である.
科学分野:
- 医療倫理と人権について
- 紛争後の地域における公衆衛生と政策
- 職業社会学の社会学について
背景:
- イラクのサダム・フセイン政権下の人権侵害への医師の関与は認められているが,文書化されていない.
- この参加の範囲と性質を理解することは,過去の違反に対処し,将来の発生を防止するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- イラクにおける人権侵害における医師の関与を特徴づけるために.
- 医者の共犯を可能にする構造的要因を特定する.
- 将来の虐待に対する説明責任と予防戦略を評価する.
主な方法:
- 98人の医師を対象に実施された調査と,イラク南部で病院の役員や医師を対象に実施された半構造面接.
- 2003年6~7月に収集されたデータで,1988年以来の虐待への自己報告およびピア報告の参加に焦点を当てています.
- 拷問,報告書の偽造,切断などの特定の虐待を調査した.
主要な成果:
- 71%が酷刑を極端な問題として報告し,非治療目的の截肢 (50%),拷問の報告の偽造 (49%),死亡証明書の偽造 (32%) に同級生による重大な関与があった.
- 医者の共犯は,しばしばフェダイン・サダム (93%) の強制によるもので,自己や家族への恐れが主な動機であった.
- 予防措置は,倫理教育 (99%),法的監視 (97%),懲罰的制裁 (96%),医師の独立性 (95%) を強調した.
結論:
- 医療報告書や証明書の偽造,切断などの虐待への医師の関与は,調査対象のイラクの医師によって報告されました.
- 過去の違反に対処し,医師の独立性と説明責任を確保するための措置を実施することは,イラクの再建プロセスにとって不可欠です.
- 調査結果は,将来の医療従事者の人権侵害への共犯を防止するために,堅固な倫理的枠組みと法的保護の必要性を強調しています.
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