初等医療における慢性眼疾患による視覚障害の予防:科学的なレビュー
Susannah Rowe1, Catherine H MacLean, Paul G Shekelle
1Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass 02119, USA. srowe@bu.edu
JAMA
|March 25, 2004
まとめ
高齢者の定期的な眼科検査は,視力低下を検出するために推奨されます. プライマリケアでは,全身疾患を管理し,患者が適切な眼科治療を受けられるようにすることで,視力を保ちます.
科学分野:
- オフタルモロジック (眼科)
- プライマリーケア医療 プライマリーケア医療
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 視力障害の罹患率は年齢とともに増加し,生活の質と怪我のリスクに影響を与えます.
- 失明の有意な部分は予防または治療可能ですが,多くの症例は診断されていないままです.
- 治療されていない視力喪失は,公衆衛生上の大きな課題となっています.
研究 の 目的:
- 初等医療における成人における眼疾患および視覚障害のスクリーニングと管理に関する証拠をレビューする.
- 視覚の保存におけるその役割について,初等医療の臨床医に知らせる.
主な方法:
- データベース (MEDLINE,EMBASE,Cochrane) とガイドライン (1985-2003) の包括的な文献検索を行いました.
- プライマリケアにおける成人眼疾患のスクリーニングと管理に関する記事とガイドラインの追加.
- ランダム化対照試験と専門家が推奨する参考文献を重視する.
主要な成果:
- 主要なガイドラインは,高齢者のための定期的な包括的な目の評価を推奨しています.
- プライマリケアにおける通常の視力スクリーニングの価値はまだ確立されていません.
- システム疾患 (糖尿病,高血圧) の効果的な管理は,眼疾患のリスクを軽減します.
結論:
- 患者さんの視力を保つのには,初等医療の臨床医が不可欠です.
- 目の健康に影響を与える全身的な疾患の管理が鍵となる.
- 定期的な眼科専門家の評価を確保することは,視力の保全に不可欠です.
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