中間深度の地震 脱水による断層化 質素化 負の体積変化による断層化
Haemyeong Jung1, Harry W Green II, Larissa F Dobrzhinetskaya
1Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
Nature
|April 2, 2004
まとめ
サブダクションゾーンの深い地震は,脱水による脆さによって引き起こされる可能性があります. このプロセスは,ボリュームの変化が故障を予測して停止すべき時でさえ発生し,より深いところでの地震活動を説明します.
科学分野:
- 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
- ミネラル物理学 ミネラル物理学
- テクトニクス (地質学) とは
背景:
- 地震は680kmの深さまで潜水地帯で発生します.
- 高圧と高温のため,ブリッタル・フェイアラーは深さ50kmに限られている.
- 蛇口の脱水脆化は,中程度の深さの地震のために提案されたメカニズムです.
研究 の 目的:
- アンチゴライト・サーペンチナイトにおける脱水脆化のメカニズムを調査する.
- 脱水脆化が,体積変化とは無関係に故障を引き起こすかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 抗ゴライトセルペンチナイトの実験的な脱水は,異なる圧力 (1-6 GPa) と温度 (650-820°C) の下で行われました.
- 断層構造と反応産物の顕微鏡分析.
主要な成果:
- ストレス下でのアンチゴライト・サーペンチナイトの脱水は,一貫して欠陥を形成します.
- これらの断層は,超細粒度の固体反応産物によって特徴づけられました.
- この故障は,脱水反応が陽性か陰性かに関係なく発生した.
結論:
- 脱水脆化は,サブダクションゾーンの様々な深さでの地震核形成の有効なメカニズムです.
- 細粒子の反応産物と流体-固体分離の形成は,体積の変化が不利である場合でも,故障を説明します.
- このメカニズムは,水性鉱物がストレス下で分解する深い地震の発生をサポートします.
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