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内皮細胞は自己再生を刺激し,神経幹細胞のニューロゲネシスを拡張します
Qin Shen1, Susan K Goderie, Li Jin
1Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 3, 2004
まとめ
滑らかな筋肉細胞ではなく,内皮細胞は,神経幹細胞の再生と神経細胞の生産を促進する因子を放出します. これは,神経幹細胞のニッチの重要なプレイヤーである内皮細胞を明らかにします.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
背景:
- 神経幹細胞は血管のニッチに存在しますが,血管細胞との機能的相互作用は不明です.
- 現存する研究では,神経幹細胞と血管の成分を結びつける直接的な証拠が不足しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 神経幹細胞と血管細胞の機能的関係を調査する.
- 神経幹細胞の行動に影響を与える特定の血管細胞タイプとその分泌要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 神経幹細胞と特定の血管細胞タイプ (内皮細胞,血管の滑らかな筋肉細胞) の共培養実験.
- 血管細胞によって放出される溶解性因子の分析.
- 神経幹細胞の自己再生,分化,およびニューロン生産の評価.
- 神経幹細胞応答に関与する信号伝達経路 (Notch, Hes 1) の調査.
主要な成果:
- 内皮細胞は,血管性滑らかな筋肉細胞ではないが,神経幹細胞の自己再生を促進する因子を分泌する.
- これらの要因は,神経幹細胞の分化を阻害し,同時に神経細胞の生産を強化します.
- 胚性および成人の神経幹細胞は,内皮細胞の信号に反応する.
- 内皮共同培養は神経上皮細胞の接触を誘導し,NotchとHes 1の信号伝達経路を活性化します.
結論:
- 内皮細胞は,神経幹細胞のニッチの重要な構成要素である.
- 内皮細胞からの溶解性因子は,神経幹細胞の運命を,機能を積極的に調節する.
- この発見は,そのニッチ内のニューラル幹細胞の調節のための新しいメカニズムを明らかにしています.
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