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関連する概念動画

The Cell Cycle Control System02:11

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
Overview of Cell Death01:30

Overview of Cell Death

Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the 20th century...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
The Cell Cycle Control System01:28

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and function at the cell...
Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division01:27

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division

Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Triggering Cell Stress and Death Using Conventional UV Laser Confocal Microscopy
10:18

Triggering Cell Stress and Death Using Conventional UV Laser Confocal Microscopy

Published on: February 3, 2017

細胞間のコミュニケーションと制御された殺戮によるプログラムされた人口制御.

Lingchong You1, Robert Sidney Cox, Ron Weiss

  • 1Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.

Nature
|April 6, 2004
PubMed
まとめ

エンジニアリングされた遺伝子回路は,遺伝子発現と細胞生存を結びつけることで,細菌集団を制御します. この新しいアプローチは,個々の細胞の変異にもかかわらず,予測可能な集団動態を可能にします.

科学分野:

  • 合成生物学 合成生物学とは
  • 微生物工学とは
  • システム生物学 システム生物学

背景:

  • 細胞内の予測可能な遺伝子回路の設計は,固有のノイズと細胞の変動性のために困難です.
  • 集団レベルで細胞の行動を制御するには,個々の細胞の違いを克服するための強力なメカニズムが必要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • Escherichia coli.における自律的な集団密度調節のための合成遺伝子回路を設計する.
  • 細胞間のコミュニケーションが,個々の細胞の変異性にもかかわらず,集団の動態をプログラムするためにどのように使用できるかを実証する.

主な方法:

  • E. coli の"人口制御"遺伝子回路を設計・構築しました.
  • 細菌のクオラムセンシングシステムを活用して,細胞密度と細胞死亡率を関連付けました.
  • 電気回路の振る舞いを予測し,分析するために数学的モデリングを使用した.

主要な成果:

  • 設計された回路は,E. coliの集団密度を自律的に制御することに成功しました.
  • 細胞密度と遺伝子発現のための安定した,調整可能な安定状態を達成しました.
  • 環境の変化に反応する細胞死亡のプログラム可能性が実証されています.

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Electroporation-Based CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Gene Knockout in THP-1 Cells and Single-Cell Clone Isolation
09:29

Electroporation-Based CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Gene Knockout in THP-1 Cells and Single-Cell Clone Isolation

Published on: February 28, 2025

MEDUSA for Identifying Death Regulatory Genes in Chemo-genetic Profiling Data
07:17

MEDUSA for Identifying Death Regulatory Genes in Chemo-genetic Profiling Data

Published on: February 7, 2025

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Triggering Cell Stress and Death Using Conventional UV Laser Confocal Microscopy
10:18

Triggering Cell Stress and Death Using Conventional UV Laser Confocal Microscopy

Published on: February 3, 2017

Electroporation-Based CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Gene Knockout in THP-1 Cells and Single-Cell Clone Isolation
09:29

Electroporation-Based CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Gene Knockout in THP-1 Cells and Single-Cell Clone Isolation

Published on: February 28, 2025

MEDUSA for Identifying Death Regulatory Genes in Chemo-genetic Profiling Data
07:17

MEDUSA for Identifying Death Regulatory Genes in Chemo-genetic Profiling Data

Published on: February 7, 2025

結論:

  • 細胞間のコミュニケーションを通じて遺伝子発現と細胞生存を結びつけることで,人口レベルでの強力な制御が可能になります.
  • 合成遺伝子回路は個々の細胞の多様性を克服し,予測可能な集団動態を達成することができます.
  • このシステムは,天然の生物学的システムの設計原理の洞察を提供し,微生物工学の新しいアプリケーションを可能にします.