クラミディアの進化史を明らかにする

Matthias Horn¹, Astrid Collingro, Stephan Schmitz-Esser

¹Department of Microbial Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Conservation Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria. horn@microbial-ecology.net

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 10, 2004

まとめ

現代の病原体の祖先である古代のクラミディアは,細胞内生存に適応し,7億年以上前に毒性の要因を持っていた. この研究は,真核細胞の利用メカニズムの起源における彼らの役割を明らかにしています.

科学分野:

微生物学微生物学とは
進化生物学の進化生物学について
ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは

背景:

クラミディアは,失明や性感染症を引き起こすヒトの重要な病原体です.
クラミジアの進化を理解することは,新しい治療法の開発に不可欠です.
クラミジアに関連するシンビオントは,古代のクラミジア生物学の洞察を提供します.

研究の目的:

古代クラミディア菌の進化史とゲノム特性を調査する.
クラミディア菌における毒性の要因と細胞内生存機構の起源を決定する.

主な方法:

クラミジアに関連するシンビオントのゲノム解析.
比較ゲノミクスは,クラミジアの最後の共通の祖先を再構築する.

主要な成果:

シンビオントのゲノムは,最近限られた遺伝子獲得で病原性クラミディアの2倍の大きさです.
最後の共通の祖先 (約. 700万年前) は,初期のエウカリオットで細胞内生存に適応していた.
この祖先は,III型分泌システムを含む重要な毒性因子を持っていた.

結論:

古代のクラミディアは,細胞内寄生のために予め適応していた.
Chlamydiaeは,真核細胞を搾取するためのメカニズムを起源にしました.
この進化史は,現代のクラミジアの病原性を理解するための基礎を提供します.

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