強化された炭素バイオマスと,SOFeX中に55度で炭素を輸出するロボットの観測
James K B Bishop1, Todd J Wood, Russ E Davis
1Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. JKBishop@lbl.gov
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 17, 2004
まとめ
南大洋における鉄の肥料化により,炭素バイオマスと100mの深さへの輸出が大幅に増加しました. この研究では,2002年の南洋鉄実験 (SOFeX) の間,高窒素低シリケート水域で予想より高い結果が観察されました.
科学分野:
- 海洋学 海洋学とは
- マリン・ケミストリー (海洋化学)
- バイオジオケミカルサイクル
背景:
- 南大洋の水域は,窒素濃度が高く,シリケート濃度が低いことが特徴です.
- 鉄は,これらの高栄養低塩素 (HNLC) 地域における植物プランクトンの成長を制限する栄養素です.
- 炭素の輸出を理解することは,気候変動の規制における海洋の役割を評価する上で極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 鉄肥料の炭素バイオマスへの影響を調査し,南大洋の地表水域での輸出を調査する.
- 2002年の南洋鉄実験 (SOFeX) で100mの深さまで炭素の輸出を定量化するために.
- 鉄の添加と炭素の輸出の関係を,高窒素低シリケート環境で分析する.
主な方法:
- In-situ測定のために自動プロファイリングフロートを使用しました.
- SOFeX.中に実施されたコントロールおよび"インパッチ"実験.
- 監視された炭素バイオマス変動と炭素輸出フロースを100mまで計測した.
主要な成果:
- 鉄で修正された水域における炭素バイオマスの4倍以上の増加が観察されました.
- 炭素輸出の2~6倍の増加を100mの深さで記録した.
- 添加された鉄と輸出された炭素のモール比が10^4から10^5.5の範囲で発見されました.
- 鉄を改変した低シリケート水で予想より大幅に高いバイオマスの蓄積と輸出を観測した.
結論:
- 鉄の肥料は,南洋の炭素バイオマス生産と輸出の強力な原動力である.
- 低シリケート水域で観測された高炭素輸出は,以前の仮定に異議を唱える.
- HNLC地域における鉄の受精による生地化学的影響を完全に理解するためには,さらなる研究が必要である.
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