抗生物質耐性菌の危機について
1College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 21, 1992
まとめ
抗生物質耐性は,バクテリアの適応と広範な薬物使用による増大する脅威です. 耐性細菌と闘い,抗生物質の有効性を維持するために,新しい戦略が必要である.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
背景:
- 広範囲にわたる抗生物質合成は,細菌耐性に関する自惚れにつながりました.
- 細菌は染色体変異や,プラズミドやトランポゾンによる遺伝子交換によって耐性を発達させる.
- ストレプトコッカス肺炎菌,スタフィロコッカス,エンテロバクテリア菌,シウドモナスのような主要な病原菌は,古い抗生物質に対する耐性を示す.
研究 の 目的:
- 拡大する抗生物質耐性危機を強調するためです.
- バクテリアの耐性を引き起こすメカニズムを特定する.
- 抗菌剤耐性に対抗するための新しい戦略の必要性を強調する.
主な方法:
- 抗生物質耐性メカニズムに関する既存の文献のレビュー.
- コミュニティと病院の環境における抗生物質使用の影響の分析.
- 耐性を示す主要な細菌種を特定する.
主要な成果:
- バクテリアは,遺伝的メカニズムを通じて,数多くの抗生物質に対する耐性を進化させた.
- 一般的な呼吸道,皮膚,全身感染症は,耐性菌株によってますます引き起こされています.
- 医療や地域社会での広範な抗生物質の使用は,耐性を加速しています.
結論:
- 抗生物質管理プログラムの緊急採用が必要である.
- 強化された衛生上の慣行は,耐性細菌の拡散を制限する上で極めて重要です.
- 新型抗菌剤の開発は,この危機に対処するために不可欠です.
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