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関連する概念動画

Epistasis01:39

Epistasis

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In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
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Determination01:51

Determination

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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From DNA to Protein03:06

From DNA to Protein

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The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
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Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

5.9K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Updated: May 3, 2026

A Noninvasive Hair Sampling Technique to Obtain High Quality DNA from Elusive Small Mammals
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A Noninvasive Hair Sampling Technique to Obtain High Quality DNA from Elusive Small Mammals

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シリアの機能を解読する: 分割されたシリアの生体生成に必要な特殊な遺伝子を定義する.

Tomer Avidor-Reiss1, Andreia M Maer, Edmund Koundakjian

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Biological Sciences and Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Cell
|May 13, 2004
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,シリア機能に不可欠な約200の遺伝子を特定し,その中には,シリア生成とエウカリオットの特殊輸送に不可欠な新しい外部セグメントタンパク質 (OSEGs) も含まれています. この発見は,シリアの進化と機能の理解を助けます.

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Rapid Genetic Analysis of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Signaling During Hair Regeneration
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Rapid Genetic Analysis of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Signaling During Hair Regeneration

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An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
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An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

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科学分野:

  • 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
  • 進化生物学の進化生物学について
  • ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは

背景:

  • ユカリオットフラゲル (シリウム) は,多くのユカリオットで運動性と感覚機能のための重要な器官であるが,他のユカリオットでは不要である.
  • シリアの形成と機能の遺伝的基礎を理解することは,シリアの多様な役割を解読する鍵です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 比較ゲノミクスを用いてシリアの形成と機能に不可欠な遺伝子を特定する.
  • シリオゲネシスに関与する新しいタンパク質ファミリーを特徴付ける.

主な方法:

  • シリアのある生物とない生物の比較ゲノム分析.
  • モデル生物ドロソフィラにおける新種の遺伝子の機能的特徴化.

主要な成果:

  • 約200の保存された遺伝子を特定し,非状ユカリオットには存在しないが,状ユカリオットには存在し,既知の祖先の状タンパク質の80%以上を含む.
  • ドロソフィラのシリオゲネシスに不可欠な外部セグメントタンパク質 (OSEGs) の新しい家族を特徴づけました.
  • OSEGsは,シリアール部に特有の特殊な輸送経路を形成することを実証しました.

結論:

  • 比較ゲノミクスは,コアシリアー遺伝子セットの識別に有効です.
  • OSEGは,毛細血管の輸送と形成に不可欠な新しい種類のタンパク質を表しています.
  • この研究は,シリアの進化と専門生物学についての洞察を提供します.