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スコットランドのハイランドにある赤鹿の群れ
T H Clutton-Brock1, T Coulson, J M Milner
1Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. thcb@cam.ac.uk
Nature
|May 21, 2004
まとめ
紅鹿や山羊による過度放牧は,スコットランド高原の森林再生を妨げています. 最近の紅鹿の個体数増加は過大評価されている可能性があり,羊の個体数も保存のために減少する必要がある.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 保護生物学の保護生物学
- 野生生物管理とは,野生生物の管理です.
背景:
- 丘の羊や紅鹿による放牧は,スコットランド高原の生態系に重大な影響を及ぼします.
- 森林の再生とヒースカバーは,高い草食動物集団によって悪影響を受けています.
- 保護団体は,過剰の人口が認識されているため,赤鹿の数を大幅に削減することを提唱しています.
研究 の 目的:
- スコットランド高原における赤鹿の最近の集団動向を調査する.
- 赤鹿と山羊の個体数の変化の背後にある主な要因を評価する.
- ハイランド生態系のための保全と管理戦略を伝えるために.
主な方法:
- 紅鹿と山羊の歴史的集団データの分析.
- 断絶率,羊の減少,冬の天候などの要因の影響を評価するための統計モデリング.
- 植生に対する牧草の影響の生態学的評価.
主要な成果:
- 証拠によると,近年の紅鹿の個体数の増加は過大評価されている可能性が高い.
- 1970年以降の紅鹿の数の漸進的な増加は,羊の減少と冬の天候の変化に関連しているかもしれないが,必ずしも殺戮が減少したわけではない.
- また,丘の羊の個体群は,多くのハイランド地域における過度な牧草に大きく貢献しています.
結論:
- 現在の管理戦略は,より正確な人口データに基づいて再評価する必要があるかもしれません.
- 赤い鹿と山羊の数を減らすことは,スコットランド高原の効果的な森林再生とヒースの保全に不可欠です.
- 複数の草食動物種を考慮した統合管理アプローチは,生態系の回復のために必要である.
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