幼児における重度の肺炎に対する亜鉛: ダブルブラインド・プラセボ対照試験
W Abdullah Brooks1, M Yunus, Mathuram Santosham
1Centre for Health and Population Research, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, GPO Box 128 Mohakhali, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. abrooks@icddrb.org
Lancet (London, England)
|May 26, 2004
まとめ
亜鉛サプリメントは,子供における重症肺炎の期間を大幅に短縮します. この介入は,小児肺炎の費用対効果の高い治療法を提供することで,入院期間も短縮します.
科学分野:
- 小児の感染症について
- 栄養科学とは,栄養科学である.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 肺炎は,世界的に子供の病気と死亡の主な原因です.
- 重度の肺炎の早期症状解消は,患者のアウトカムを改善します.
- 急性相反応剤としての亜鉛の役割は,潜在的な治療効果を示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 亜鉛サプリメントが子供における重症肺炎の期間を短縮するかどうかを調査する.
- 小児肺炎患者の入院期間に対する亜鉛の効果を測定する.
- 亜鉛を重症肺炎の補助療法として評価する.
主な方法:
- 2〜23ヶ月の270人の子どもを対象とした,ダブルブラインド,プラセボ対照試験です.
- 参加者は,通常の抗微生物治療に加えて,毎日20mgの元素亜鉛またはプラセボを投与されました.
- 測定されたアウトカムには,重症肺炎の症状が解消するまでの時間と,退院するまでの時間が含まれていました.
主要な成果:
- 亜鉛サプリメントは重症肺炎の期間を大幅に短縮しました (RH=0.70).
- また,治療により整体入院期間 (RH=0.75) が短縮され,平均1日短縮されました.
- 喘息する子供たちが分析から除外されたとき,効果はより顕著でした.
結論:
- 毎日20mgの亜鉛は重症肺炎の小児の回復を加速する.
- 亜鉛は,複数の抗生物質への曝露を減少させることで,抗生物質耐性を低下させる可能性があります.
- この介入は,資源が限られた環境での合併症と死亡率を減らすことができます.
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