ソードを壊す:人類,歴史,そして土壌
J R McNeill1, Verena Winiwarter
1Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Intercultural Center 600, Box 571035, Georgetown University, 3700 O Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20057-1035, USA. mcneillj@georgetown.edu
まとめ
人類のコミュニティは長い間,食物と栄養素を土壌に依存してきたが,初期の文明は土壌を敬っていた. しかし,現代の人間の行動は,土壌の侵食を加速させ,栄養素の循環を変化させました.
科学分野:
- 農業科学 農業科学とは
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 土壌科学は,土壌科学である.
背景:
- 土壌は,歴史を通じて,人間の文明にとって根本的な存在であり,必要不可欠な食料と栄養素を提供してきました.
- 初期の文書はしばしば農業の実践に焦点を当て,土壌管理の重要性を強調した.
- 古代の文化では,生命の源泉として土壌を頻繁に敬い,その重要な役割を強調しました.
研究 の 目的:
- 人間社会と土壌の間の歴史的関係を検証する.
- 古代から現在までの土壌の重要性の進化を理解する.
- 最近の人間の活動が土壌の健康と栄養循環に与える影響を強調する.
主な方法:
- 農業に関する文書と文化的慣習の歴史的分析.
- 土壌浸食と栄養素の流れに関する環境データのレビュー.
- 異なる歴史的時期における人間と土壌の相互作用の比較研究.
主要な成果:
- 土壌は,初期の人類の生計と農業の発展の基盤を提供した.
- 過去2世紀にわたる人間の活動により,土壌浸食率が著しく上昇しました.
- 人間の意図的・非意図的な行動は,土壌における天然の栄養素の流れを劇的に変えました.
結論:
- 人間と土壌の関係は,敬意と依存から,環境への重大な影響へと移行した.
- 歴史的な人間と土壌の相互作用を理解することは,現代の土壌劣化に対処するために不可欠です.
- 将来の持続可能性のために,土壌資源に対する人間の負の影響を軽減するために,緊急の注意が必要です.
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