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Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells
Published on: December 17, 2012
ERから間違った折りたたまれたタンパク質の脱位に必要な膜タンパク質です
Brendan N Lilley1, Hidde L Ploegh
1Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|June 25, 2004
まとめ
エンドプラズマ網膜 (ER) の誤った折りたたまれたタンパク質は分解されます. ヒューマンサイトメガロウイルスUS11のグリコプロテインは,誤った折りたたまれたタンパク質をERから抽出するために不可欠な要素であるDerlin-1にタンパク質を勧誘する.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
- タンパク質の分解
背景:
- エンドプラズマ網膜 (ER) で誤った折り畳みをするタンパク質は,分解の標的となる.
- このプロセスは,サイトゾールへの脱位を伴い,その後は,ユビキチン化,デグリコシル化,およびプロテアソームの分解を伴う.
- ERタンパク質の抽出を媒介する機構は,依然としてほとんど特徴づけられていない.
研究 の 目的:
- ヒトサイトメガロウイルス (CMV) のグリコプロテインUS2とUS11が宿主タンパク質の分解を媒介するメカニズムを調査する.
- ERから誤折りたたまれたタンパク質の脱位に関与する細胞因子を特定する.
主な方法:
- ヒト細胞メガロウイルス (CMV) のグリコプロテインUS2とUS11がタンパク質分解における役割を研究した.
- US11の細胞タンパク質との相互作用を,そのトランスメブラン領域を用いて調査した.
- 酵母Der1pのヒト同型であるDerlin-1が,クラスIメジャーヒストコンパティビリティコンプレックス (MHC) 分子の分解における機能を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 人間のCMV US11グリコプロテインは,Derlin-1にクラスIのMHC製品を勧誘する.
- Derlin-1は,クラスIのMHC分子のUS11媒介による分解に不可欠である.
- ダーリン-1は,クラスIのMHC分子のUS2媒介分解には必要ありません.
結論:
- Derlin-1は,哺乳類のERから特定の誤折りたたまれたタンパク質の抽出において重要な役割を果たします.
- これにより,Derlin-1は,特定の基板のER関連分解 (ERAD) 経路の重要な構成要素として強調されます.
関連する概念動画
ER Retrieval Pathway
In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
The Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum or ER makes up for more than half of the membranes in a cell and accounts for 10% of total cell volume. It is also the primary protein and lipid synthesis factory for most cell organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, secretory vesicles, and the plasma membrane. Despite being the most extensive and functionally complex subcellular organelle, ER was the last to be discovered. After years of deliberation, Keith Porter and George Palade in the year 1954,...
Insertion of Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER
Integral membrane proteins are proteins adhered to the lipid bilayer of a cell organelle or membrane. They can be of two types: transmembrane integral proteins that span the lipid bilayer and monotopic proteins that are attached to either side of the membrane but do not pass through it.
Integral transmembrane proteins possess transmembrane and extra membrane domains. The transmembrane domains are primarily made of 20-25 hydrophobic amino acids arranged in a helical secondary confirmation. These...
Integral transmembrane proteins possess transmembrane and extra membrane domains. The transmembrane domains are primarily made of 20-25 hydrophobic amino acids arranged in a helical secondary confirmation. These...
Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER
ER is the primary site for the maturation and folding of soluble and transmembrane secretory proteins. The calnexin cycle is a specific chaperone system that folds and assesses the confirmation of N-glycosylated proteins before they can exit the ER lumen. The primary players of this quality check pipeline are the lectins, ER-resident chaperones, and a glucosyl transferase enzyme. In case the calnexin system in the lumen fails to salvage a misfolded protein, it is transported to the cytoplasm...
Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER
Biological membranes are more than just a barrier separating cell cytoplasm from the outside environment. They are highly dynamic and help maintain the integrity and physiological stability of the cells as well as membrane-bound organelles. Membranes also play vital roles in cell-to-cell and intracellular communication.
A large chunk of any biological membrane is composed of phospholipids. These lipids have a heterogeneous distribution across different subcellular organelles and even between...
A large chunk of any biological membrane is composed of phospholipids. These lipids have a heterogeneous distribution across different subcellular organelles and even between...
The Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum or ER makes up for more than half of the membranes in a cell and accounts for 10% of total cell volume. It is also the primary protein and lipid synthesis factory for most cell organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, secretory vesicles, and the plasma membrane. Despite being the most extensive and functionally complex subcellular organelle, ER was the last to be discovered. After years of deliberation, Keith Porter and George Palade in the year 1954,...

