神経義肢のための認知制御信号

S Musallam¹, B D Corneil, B Greger

¹Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Mail Code 216-76, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|July 13, 2004

まとめ

研究者は,コンピュータのカーソルを制御するために,猿の脳信号から運動目標と報酬値を解読しました. 神経義肢におけるこの進歩は,麻痺した患者がデバイスを操作し,自分の好みを監視するのに役立ちます.

科学分野:

神経科学は神経科学である.
バイオメディカルエンジニアリング
脳とコンピュータのインターフェース

背景:

神経義肢は,脳信号を解読することによって,麻痺した個人の機能を回復することを目的としています.
現在の研究は,手の軌道を制御するためのモーター皮質ニューロン活動の解読に焦点を当てています.

研究の目的:

脳からの高レベルの運動目標信号の解読.
報酬に関連する期待値信号の同時解読を調査する.
外部デバイスを物理的な操作なしに制御するためにこれらの解読された信号を使用する可能性を評価する.

主な方法:

3匹のサルの運動目標に関連する神経信号の解読.
コンピュータのカーソルを制御するために,解読された信号を使用します.
期待値信号の同時解読 (流動的好み,報酬の大きさ/確率).

主要な成果:

上級レベルの目標信号の動きを成功裏に解読しました.
動物の行動なしにカーソルコントロールが実証され,性能は数週間で改善されています.
期待値信号とゴール信号を同時に解読した.

結論:

解読された目標信号は,神経義肢のアプリケーションのためのコンピュータ,ロボット,および車両を操作することができます.
解読された期待値信号は,患者の好みや動機を監視することができます.
このアプローチは,神経義肢の能力を高めるための有望な道を提供します.

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