ジルコニウム金属ガラスの形成
Jianzhong Zhang1, Yusheng Zhao
1LANSCE Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA. jzhang@lanl.gov
Nature
|July 16, 2004
まとめ
研究者は,高圧と低温を使用して,元素ジルコニウムから大量金属ガラスを作成しました. この新しい無形金属は,優れた熱安定性を示し,高度な高温アプリケーションの扉を開きます.
科学分野:
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- 凝縮物質物理学 凝縮物質物理学
- 固体化学 固体化学
背景:
- バルクメタリックグラス (BMG) は,液体合金の急速な冷却によって生成される高度な材料です.
- 現在のBMGは,結晶化を防ぐために,通常複雑な組成 (≥3要素) を必要とします.
- 複雑な組成は,相分離につながり,材料の性質に悪影響を及ぼします.
研究 の 目的:
- 単一の元素材料から大量金属ガラスの形成を調査する.
- 高静圧と低温による新種の無形合金製造の可能性を調査する.
- 基本的無形ジルコニウムの熱安定性と潜在的な応用を評価する.
主な方法:
- 無形構造を確認するために,X線 difraktion 測定を用いた.
- 金属ガラスを合成するために,高い静的圧力と低い温度が使用されました.
- 環境条件での無形物質の回収が行われました.
主要な成果:
- 散発金属ガラスは,元素ジルコニウムから成功裏に形成されました.
- アモルフなジルコニウムは,環境条件では回収可能であった.
- その結果生成された無形ジルコニウムは,従来の無形合金と比較して優れた熱安定性を示した.
結論:
- エレメンタル・バルク・メタリック・グラスは,特定の高圧・低温条件下で形成される.
- アモルフォスジルコニウムは熱安定性を高め,高温アプリケーションの可能性を示唆しています.
- この発見は,BMG形成に必要な複雑さに関する以前の仮定に異議を唱える.
関連する概念動画
01:28The Looking Glass Self
304
The concept of the looking-glass self describes how an individual's self-concept is shaped by their perception of how others see them. This psychological theory, first introduced by sociologist Charles Horton Cooley in 1902, posits that self-identity emerges in a social context and is influenced by the judgments—real or imagined—of others.Research suggests that individuals frequently overestimate how positively others perceive them. This is particularly evident in physical...
304
02:51Metal-Ligand Bonds
24.1K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
24.1K
02:32Bonding in Metals
52.1K
Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”.
52.1K
02:37Metallic Solids
20.5K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.5K
03:06Alkali Metals
24.2K
Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
24.2K
03:45Formation of Complex Ions
25.8K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
25.8K