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関連する概念動画

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Concepts and Prototypes01:24

Concepts and Prototypes

The human nervous system handles vast amounts of information by translating sensory stimuli into neural impulses, which the brain processes, creating thoughts expressed through language or stored as memories. The brain also synthesizes information from emotions and memories, which significantly influence thoughts and behaviors. This intricate process creates a comprehensive mental picture.
The brain organizes this information using concepts, which are mental categories grouping linguistic data,...
Language01:16

Language

Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs. “eh”). Phonemes combine to...
Language Development01:22

Language Development

Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms
07:31

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Published on: February 8, 2019

言語の概念的前身は,言語の概念的前身である.

Susan J Hespos1, Elizabeth S Spelke

  • 1Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37203, USA. s.hespos@vanderbilt.edu

Nature
|July 23, 2004
PubMed
まとめ

幼児は,言語を既存の概念と結びつけることで,言葉の意味を学びます. この研究は,5ヶ月の赤ちゃんが区別できると示しています.

科学分野:

  • 発達心理学の心理学について
  • 言語学 言語学とは
  • コグニティブ・サイエンス コグニティブ・サイエンス

背景:

  • 幼児は,言語特有の音の区別を選択的に学習する.
  • このプロセスは,言語特有のメカニズムではなく,聴覚システム特性を含む.
  • 非ネイティブの音に対する感受性は,最初の1年以内に低下します.

研究 の 目的:

  • 同じような選択的学習プロセスが言葉の意味の習得を統制しているかどうかを調べる.
  • 幼児の母語にはない概念的な区別に対する幼児の感受性を調べる.
  • 初期の単語学習と既存の概念表現の間のつながりを探求する.

主な方法:

  • 5ヶ月の幼児を英語圏の環境で研究した.
  • 韓国語の"緊密な"と"ゆるい"の区別に対する評価感度.
  • 動きから接触までの連続した行動に対する乳児の反応を分析した.

主要な成果:

  • 幼児は"緊密な"対"ゆるい"フィット概念の区別を検出しました.
  • 彼らは行動を"緊密な"と"ゆるい"フィットに分類し,韓国語話者を反映した.
  • この敏感性は,英語を話す成人では観察されなかった.

さらに関連する動画

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning
05:33

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning

Published on: January 29, 2020

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms
07:31

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Published on: February 8, 2019

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning
05:33

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning

Published on: January 29, 2020

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

結論:

  • 幼児の語学学習には,言語形式を普遍的,事前に存在する概念的表現と結びつけることが含まれます.
  • 概念的な区別に対する感受性は,物体力学の表現と関連しており,種間で共有されています.
  • 早期の言語習得は,基礎的な認知および知覚能力の上に構築されています.