若者に焦点を当てた銃器法と若者の自殺との関連
Daniel W Webster1, Jon S Vernick, April M Zeoli
1Center for the Prevention of Youth Violence, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md 21205, USA. dwebster@jhsph.edu
JAMA
|August 5, 2004
まとめ
銃器を安全に保管することを要求する児童アクセス防止 (CAP) 法律は,若者の自殺のわずかな減少と関連しています. 銃器の購入と所持の最低年齢に関する法律は,若者の自殺率の有意な減少を示さなかった.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- クリミノロジー 犯罪学
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 青年の自殺の約50%は,銃器が原因となっている.
- 現存する州および連邦の法律は,銃器使用に対する年齢特有の制限を課しているが,若者の自殺に対するその影響は十分に調査されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 若者向けの銃器規制と青少年と若者の自殺率との関連を調査する.
- 具体的には,児童アクセス防止 (CAP) 法と最低年齢制限が,若者の銃による自殺や非銃による自殺に及ぼす影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 1976年から2001年までの米国の若者 (14歳から20歳) の年間州レベルの自殺データを分析した準実験的設計を用いた.
- 否定的二項回帰モデルを用いて,若者向けの銃器法 (最低購入/所有年齢,CAP法) と自殺率との関係を評価した.
- 異なる年齢サブグループ (14-17歳および18-20歳) の銃器,非銃器,および総自殺との関連を調べた.
主要な成果:
- 銃器の購入と所持の最低年齢に関する法律は,若者の自殺率の有意な減少と統計的に関連していない.
- 州の児童アクセス防止 (CAP) 法律は,14歳から17歳までの14歳から17歳の全体の自殺率の8.3%減少を示しました.
- CAPの法律は18歳から20歳の若者の自殺率の低下と大きく関連しており,銃器による自殺と非銃器による自殺の両方に影響を及ぼしている.
結論:
- Child Access Prevention (CAP) の法律は,若い若者 (14-17歳) の自殺率の減少と,控えめだが有意な関連がある証拠を示している.
- 銃器の購入と所有に関する現在の最低年齢制限は,若者の自殺率を全体的に効果的に低下させるようには見えません.
- 安全な銃器保管法 (CAP) は,若者の自殺に対する保護効果を提供し,さらなる調査と政策の検討を保証する可能性があります.
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