ルワンダにおけるトラウマとPTSDの症状:正義と和解に対する態度への影響
Phuong N Pham1, Harvey M Weinstein, Timothy Longman
1Payson Center for International Development and Technology Transfer, Tulane University, New Orleans, La 70118, USA. ppham1@tulane.edu
JAMA
|August 5, 2004
まとめ
ルワンダにおける高いトラウマ曝露とPTSDの症状は,正義と和解に対する態度と関連しています. これらの影響を理解することは,紛争後の効果的な再建と社会の癒しにとって極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 精神科医は精神病を患っている.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学とは
背景:
- 1994年のルワンダでの大量虐殺は,広範な死,インフラ破壊,そして避難をもたらしました.
- トラウマが和解に与える影響を理解することは,社会の再建に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- ルワンダ人におけるトラウマ曝露とPTSDの有病率を評価する.
- PTSDの予測要因を特定する.
- トラウマ,PTSD,正義と和解に対する態度との関連を調べる.
主な方法:
- ルワンダの2091人の成人を対象とした,多段階の,階層化されたクラスターランダム調査 (2002年2月).
- PTSDチェックリスト-民間版を使用してトラウマ曝露とPTSD症状を評価しました.
- 司法対応 (国家,ガカカ,ICTR) と和解に対する測定された態度.
主要な成果:
- 75.4%が強制移住を経験し,73.0%が家族を失い,70.9%が財産を失いました.
- 24.8%がPTSDの症状基準を満たし,追加のトラウマごとにPTSDの確率が43%増加した.
- PTSDの症状は,国家試験と和解要因に対する支持の減少と相関していた. 多重トラウマはICTRに対する支持を高め,国家/地方試験に対する支持を減少させた.
結論:
- トラウマの暴露とPTSDの症状は,正義と和解に対する態度に大きな影響を与えます.
- 社会的介入は,集団暴力の後の成功的な和解のために,トラウマの影響に対処する必要があります.
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