ヒト細胞における小型の干渉RNA誘発型転写遺伝子静止は,ヒト細胞における小型の干渉RNA誘発型転写遺伝子静止を意味する
Kevin V Morris1, Simon W-L Chan, Steven E Jacobsen
1Department of Medicine 0678, Stein Clinical Research Building, Room 302, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0678, USA. kmorris@coh.org
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 7, 2004
まとめ
小型の干渉RNA (siRNA) は,哺乳類の細胞における遺伝子転写を沈黙させることができる. このプロセスにはDNAメチル化が含まれており,siRNAの核入力が必要であり,保存された遺伝子サイレンシングメカニズムを示しています.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
- RNAの干渉 RNAの干渉
背景:
- 小型の干渉RNA (siRNA) とマイクロRNAは,複数のレベルで遺伝子発現を調節することが知られている.
- 遺伝子サイレンシングメカニズムは,細胞の機能と発達に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 哺乳類の細胞における転写遺伝子サイレンシングのためのプロモーター誘導 siRNA の可能性を調査する.
- DNAメチル化と核輸送を含む,siRNA媒介の転写サイレンシングに関与するメカニズムを決定する.
主な方法:
- 拡張因子1alpha (EF1A) 統合されたヒト組織培養細胞を活用したプロモーター-緑色光タンパク質レポーター遺伝子.
- プロモーター指向のsiRNAを適用し,レポーター遺伝子と内生EF1A遺伝子をターゲットにしました.
- 静音化プロセスにおけるDNAメチル化と核輸送経路 (活性輸送またはレンチウイルス伝導) の役割を調査した.
主要な成果:
- プロモーター主導のsiRNAは,プロモーター主導のレポーター遺伝子EF1Aの転写を成功裏に抑制しました.
- 内生EF1A遺伝子転写もsiRNAによって抑制された.
- 転写静止は,標的配列のDNAメチル化の増加と相関していた.
- 効果的な静音化には,siRNAの活性核輸送か,レンチウイルス伝導による核包膜の透過化が必要でした.
結論:
- siRNA誘導の転写サイレンシングは,哺乳類における保存されたメカニズムである.
- これは,エピジェネティック改変を通じて哺乳類の遺伝子機能を抑制するための新しい戦略を提供します.
- この発見は,siRNA媒介の転写遺伝子サイレンシングにおける核の局所化の重要性を強調しています.
関連する概念動画
01:23Types of RNA
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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01:23RNA Interference
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This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
02:30siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
02:15Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
01:20Types of RNA
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...