関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 29, 2026

08:34
Visualization of High Speed Liquid Jet Impaction on a Moving Surface
Published on: April 17, 2015
ブラックホールの回転によって駆動されるジェットのシミュレーション
Vladimir Semenov1, Sergey Dyadechkin, Brian Punsly
1Institute of Physics, State University St. Petersburg, 198504 Russia.
まとめ
ブラックホールのジェットは,蓄積円盤ではなく,ブラックホールの回転によって動きます. マグネトヒドロダイナミックシミュレーションにより,磁気圧力が相対論ジェットを発射し,回転するブラックホールからエネルギーを抽出する方法が明らかになりました.
科学分野:
- 天体物理学 天体物理学
- プラズマ物理学 プラズマ物理学
- 一般相対性理論とは
背景:
- ブラックホールから放射される相対論ジェットの起源は,天体物理学における重要な課題である.
- 蓄積円盤とブラックホールの自体の回転エネルギーである2つの主要なエネルギー源が考慮されています.
研究 の 目的:
- マグネトヒドロダイナミックシミュレーションを用いてブラックホールジェットのエネルギー源とイニシアチブメカニズムを調査する.
- ジェット形成の背後にある物理的プロセスを解明する.
主な方法:
- 先進的な磁気水力ダイナミック (MHD) シミュレーションを使用して,回転するブラックホール近くのプラズマの行動をモデル化しました.
- プレッシャーの発生と放出を研究するために,プラズマをスレッドする大規模な磁場を組み込みました.
主要な成果:
- シミュレーションでは,ジェットがブラックホールの回転エネルギーから直接エネルギーを抽出することを示しています.
- よく定義された相対論ジェットは,磁気圧力が蓄積され,放出されたときに生成されます.
- この研究は,ジェット発射のためのブラックホールの重力・水力磁性理論を支持している.
結論:
- ブラックホールの回転エネルギーは,観測された相対論ジェットの主要な原動力です.
- 磁気流は,回転エネルギーをコリマートアウトフローに変換する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- この発見は,活発な銀河核とブラックホールのバイナリ系におけるジェット発射機構のより明確な理解を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Rocket Propulsion in Gravitational Field - I
Rockets range in size from small fireworks that ordinary people use to the enormous Saturn V that once propelled massive payloads toward the Moon. The propulsion of all rockets, jet engines, deflating balloons, and even squids and octopuses are explained by the same physical principle: Newton's third law of motion. The matter is forcefully ejected from a system, producing an equal and opposite reaction on what remains.
The motion of a rocket in space changes its velocity (and hence its...
The motion of a rocket in space changes its velocity (and hence its...
Rocket Propulsion in Gravitational Field - II
A rocket's velocity in the presence of a gravitational field is decreased by the amount of force exerted by Earth's gravitational field, which opposes the motion of the rocket. If we consider thrust, that is, the force exerted on a rocket by the exhaust gases, then a rocket's thrust is greater in outer space than in the atmosphere or on a launch pad. In fact, gases are easier to expel in a vacuum.
A rocket's acceleration depends on three major factors, consistent with the equation for the...
A rocket's acceleration depends on three major factors, consistent with the equation for the...
Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon
No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape velocity with the...
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape velocity with the...
Detection of Black Holes
Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
Accelerating Fluids
When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
Irrotational Flow
Irrotational flow is characterized by fluid motion where particles do not rotate around their axes, resulting in zero vorticity. For a flow to be irrotational, the curl of the velocity field must be zero. This imposes specific conditions on velocity gradients. For instance, to maintain zero rotation about the z-axis, the gradient condition:

