コカインを長時間自己投与した後に,薬物探求は強迫的になります
Louk J M J Vanderschuren1, Barry J Everitt
1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK. l.j.m.j.vanderschuren@med.uu.nl
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 18, 2004
まとめ
コカインを大量に摂取したネズミは,ネガティブなシグナルにもかかわらず,限られた摂取量や砂糖を大量に摂取したネズミとは異なり,薬物を探し続けました. これは,中毒で薬物探しの強迫的な行動への移行を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 行動科学は,行動科学である.
- 依存症の研究 依存症の研究
背景:
- 有害な結果にもかかわらず,強制的な薬物使用は,依存症の重要な特徴です.
- 薬物乱用から薬物乱用への移行に関する臨床前の証拠は限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- ネズミの薬物探求行動の進行を調査する.
- 長期にわたるコカインの自己投与が強迫的行動につながるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- ネズミは,限定的または延長されたコカインの自己投与を受けた.
- ネズミは,比較のためにサクラロースの自己投与を延長した.
- 薬物/砂糖の探求を抑制するために,嫌悪的条件付き刺激が使用されました.
主要な成果:
- 嫌悪的刺激は,限られた経験を持つネズミのコカイン探求を抑制した.
- この抑制は,長期にわたるコカインの自己投与後に失われました.
- サクラロースの探求は,長時間摂取した後でも,嫌悪的刺激によって抑制され続けました.
- 持続的なコカイン探求は,恐怖条件付けの障害やコカインのインセンティブ価値の増大と関連していなかった.
結論:
- ネズミでコカインを長時間自己投与すると,薬物探しの強迫的行動に繋がる可能性があります.
- この強迫的行動は,不利なシグナルにもかかわらず持続し,自然な報酬探求とは異なる.
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