脱離フロントと動的摩擦の発生
Shmuel M Rubinstein1, Gil Cohen, Jay Fineberg
1The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel.
Nature
|August 27, 2004
まとめ
摩擦スリップの発生は,3つの亀裂のようなフロントによって制御されます. 最も遅いフロントはインタフェースの破裂を支配し,完全に拡散するまでブロックの滑り方を防止します.
科学分野:
- 物理 物理学 物理学とは
- トリボロジ トリボロジ トリボロジ
- 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
背景:
- 摩擦のダイナミクス,特に滑り開始は,何世紀にもわたる研究にもかかわらず,まだ完全に理解されていません.
- 静的摩擦から動的摩擦への移行は,物理学,トライボロジー,地震力学などの様々な分野において極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 摩擦スリップの発生を制御するメカニズムを調査する.
- 摩擦界面の破裂に伴う亀裂のようなフロントを特定し,特徴づけること.
主な方法:
- 2 つのブロックの間のインターフェースのネット接触領域のリアルタイム可視化.
- インタフェースに沿って広がる一貫した裂け目のようなフロントの分析.
主要な成果:
- 3つの異なるタイプの一貫した裂け目のようなフロントが,摩擦スライドの発生を制御します.
- 2つのフロントは,サブソニックとインターソニックの速度で伝播し,第三の,かなり遅いフロントは,インターフェースの破裂を支配します.
- ブロックの全体的な動き (滑り) は,2つの遅いフロントの1つによるインターフェースの完全な横断に依存しています.
結論:
- 摩擦スリップの発生は,亀裂のような前部伝播によって引き起こされる複雑なプロセスです.
- 以前は過小評価されていたゆっくり動く前部は,滑り始めに支配的な役割を果たしています.
- これらのフロントを理解することは,摩擦および関連する現象を理解するための鍵です.
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