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関連する概念動画

Protein and Protein Structure02:15

Protein and Protein Structure

Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
Membrane Proteins01:30

Membrane Proteins

Plasma membranes have integral transmembrane proteins involved in facilitated transport. These proteins are collectively referred to as transport proteins, and they function as either channels for the material or as carriers themselves. Channel proteins have hydrophilic domains exposed to the intracellular and extracellular fluids and a hydrophilic channel through their core that provides a hydrated opening for solutes to pass through the membrane layers. Passage through the channel allows...
Protein Glycosylation01:25

Protein Glycosylation

Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

Oligosaccharide Assembly

Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives01:28

Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...

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Chemo-enzymatic Synthesis of N-glycans for Array Development and HIV Antibody Profiling
11:08

Chemo-enzymatic Synthesis of N-glycans for Array Development and HIV Antibody Profiling

Published on: February 5, 2018

グリコスフィンゴリピドの特異性移転の構造的基礎

Lucy Malinina1, Margarita L Malakhova, Alexei Teplov

  • 1Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.

Nature
|August 27, 2004
PubMed
まとめ

哺乳類のグリコリピド転送タンパク質 (GLTP) は,独特の螺旋構造を用いてグリコスフィンゴリピドを結合する. このメカニズムは,GLTPが脂質を膜の間に移動させ,細胞プロセスに影響を与える方法を説明します.

科学分野:

  • 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
  • 細胞生物学 細胞生物学

背景:

  • 脂質伝達タンパク質 (LTP) は,膀の輸送と信号伝達を含む膜動力学にとって極めて重要です.
  • 哺乳類のグリコリピド転送タンパク質 (GLTP) は,グリコスフィンゴリピドを通じて細胞機能を調節し,分化,増殖,神経変性などのプロセスに影響を与えます.

研究 の 目的:

  • 哺乳類GLTPによるグリコスフィンゴリピド結合と転移の構造的基礎を解明する.
  • 脂質媒介細胞プロセスにおけるGLTPの役割の基礎となる分子機構を理解する.

主な方法:

  • X線結晶学を用いて,高解像度 (1.65 Å,1.95 Å) でアポ-GLTPとラクトシルセラミド結合GLTPの構造を決定した.
  • GLTP構造内の主要な残留物について,変異および機能的分析が行われました.

主要な成果:

  • 結晶構造は,グリコスフィンゴリピドが結合した新しい2層の全アルファヘリカルトポロジーを示しています.
  • グリコスフィンゴリピドの特異性は,GLTP認識センターでの水素結合と水害性相互作用,および水害性トンネル内の脂質鎖の封じ込めによって決定されます.
  • インターヘリカルループとアルファヘリックスを含む裂け目のような形状ゲーティングメカニズムが,脂質の入出を容易にします.

さらに関連する動画

Demonstration of Heterologous Complexes formed by Golgi-Resident Type III Membrane Proteins using Split Luciferase Complementation Assay
05:28

Demonstration of Heterologous Complexes formed by Golgi-Resident Type III Membrane Proteins using Split Luciferase Complementation Assay

Published on: September 10, 2020

Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota
13:35

Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota

Published on: May 23, 2025

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Chemo-enzymatic Synthesis of N-glycans for Array Development and HIV Antibody Profiling
11:08

Chemo-enzymatic Synthesis of N-glycans for Array Development and HIV Antibody Profiling

Published on: February 5, 2018

Demonstration of Heterologous Complexes formed by Golgi-Resident Type III Membrane Proteins using Split Luciferase Complementation Assay
05:28

Demonstration of Heterologous Complexes formed by Golgi-Resident Type III Membrane Proteins using Split Luciferase Complementation Assay

Published on: September 10, 2020

Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota
13:35

Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota

Published on: May 23, 2025

結論:

  • この研究は,GLTPがグリコスフィンゴリピドを結合して放出する方法を理解するための構造的枠組みを提供します.
  • このメカニズムは,脂質の膜間移転とプレゼンテーションに不可欠であり,細胞プロセスにおけるGLTPの規制的役割の洞察を提供します.