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アトキンスや他の低炭水化物ダイエット:ウソか,それとも減量のための効果的なツールか?
Arne Astrup1, Thomas Meinert Larsen, Angela Harper
1Department of Human Nutrition, Centre of Advanced Food Research, RVA University, Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. ast@kvl.dk
Lancet (London, England)
|September 8, 2004
まとめ
人気のある低炭水化物食生活プランであるアトキンスダイエットでは,当初は体重が減ったが,低脂肪食よりも長期的には効果はない. 栄養状態と心血管の健康に及ぼす影響を評価するために,さらなる研究が必要です.
科学分野:
- 栄養科学 栄養学 栄養科学は,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は
- ダイエット介入 ダイエット介入
- 肥満に関する研究
背景:
- 人気のある低炭水化物のアプローチであるアトキンスダイエットは,体重減少のために広く採用されています.
- 脂肪の摂取量が高くなり,炭水化物を1日30g以下に厳しく制限します.
- 最近の研究では,低炭水化物ダイエットが単なる風潮であるという認識に異議を唱えている.
研究 の 目的:
- 低炭水化物ダイエットの効果を低脂肪ダイエットと比較して,減量効果を評価する.
- 低炭水化物ダイエットで体重減少に寄与する要因を調査する.
- 栄養状態と心血管疾患のリスクに関する長期的な研究の必要性を特定する.
主な方法:
- 低炭水化物ダイエットに関する研究の体系的レビュー.
- 肥満患者の低炭水化物と低脂肪食を比較したランダム化比較試験の分析.
- 体重減少のための潜在的なメカニズムの検討, glycogen 枯渇と食欲抑制を含む.
主要な成果:
- 低炭水化物ダイエットでの体重減少は,炭水化物制限のみではなく,ダイエット期間とエネルギー制限に関連しています.
- ランダム化試験では,低炭水化物ダイエットによる体重減少が6ヶ月で増加したが,12ヶ月で違いはなかった.
- 潜在的な減量メカニズムには,水分排出,食欲抑制,食事の選択の減少などがあります.
結論:
- 低炭水化物ダイエットは,短期的な体重減少の利点を提供しますが,低脂肪ダイエットと比較して,長期的な有効性が実証されていません.
- 栄養上の影響,体組成の変化,心血管リスクの評価のために,さらなる長期的な研究が不可欠です.
- 現在の証拠は,包括的な長期データなしに低炭水化物ダイエットを推奨することを支持しません.
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