52か国における心筋梗塞に関連する潜在的に変更可能な危険因子の影響 (INTERHEART研究):症例対照研究
Salim Yusuf1, Steven Hawken, Stephanie Ounpuu
1Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton General Hospital, 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8L 2X2. yusufs@mcmaster.ca
Lancet (London, England)
|September 15, 2004
まとめ
喫煙,高脂質,高血圧,糖尿病などの心血管疾患のリスク要因は,世界的に心臓発作のリスクを大幅に増加させます. これらの共通の要因に対処することは,世界中のほとんどの心臓発作を予防するための普遍的なアプローチを提供します.
科学分野:
- 心臓病学 心臓病学
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 心血管疾患 (CVD) の負担は,低・中所得国で最も高いが,リスク因子データは主に先進国から来ている.
- 世界の多くの地域における冠動脈性心疾患 (CHD) に対する既定の危険因子の影響は,依然としてほとんど特徴づけられていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 様々な危険因子と急性心筋梗塞 (AMI) の関連性を,多様で国際的な集団で調査する.
- 特定されたAMIの危険因子の集団関連リスク (PAR) を,世界の異なる地域における特定されたAMIの危険因子を決定する.
主な方法:
- 標準化された多国籍のケース・コントロール研究で,52カ国の15152例と14820例を対象とした.
- 喫煙,高血圧,糖尿病,腰・腰の比率,食事,運動,アルコール摂取,アポリポタンパク質 (Apo),および心理社会的要因を含むリスク要因の評価.
- 確率比 (OR) と99%信頼区間 (CI) の計算と,AMIの集団によるリスク (PAR) の計算.
主要な成果:
- AMIと有意な関連性は,喫煙 (OR 2.87),高いApoB/ApoA1比 (OR 3.25),高血圧 (OR 1.91),糖尿病 (OR 2.37) および腹部肥満 (OR 1.12-1.62) に見られた.
- 心理社会的要因 (OR 2.67) と果物/野菜の摂取不足 (OR 0.70 消費不足) も,AMIと有意な関連性を示した.
- これらの9つのリスク要因は,集団的に,すべての地域において,男性および女性においてそれぞれ,AMIの発生リスクの90-94%を説明しています.
結論:
- 異常な脂質,喫煙,高血圧,糖尿病,腹部肥満,心理社会的要因,食事,アルコール,身体活動を含む重要な可変リスク要因は,世界的に心筋梗塞の主要な要因である.
- これらの発見は,早発症のほとんどを回避する可能性を秘めた,心筋梗塞に対する統一された,世界的な予防戦略の開発を支援しています.
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