過去と共に生きる: 進化,発達,そして病気のパターン

Peter D Gluckman¹, Mark A Hanson

¹Liggins Institute, University of Auckland and National Research Centre for Growth and Development, 2-6 Park Avenue, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand. pd.gluckman@auckland.ac.nz

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|September 18, 2004

まとめ

遺伝や大人のライフスタイルだけでなく,幼少期の環境への曝露は,大人の慢性疾患のリスクを形作る可能性があります. この"健康と病気の発達起源"という概念は,重大な意味を持つ.

科学分野:

発達生物学発達生物学とは
進化生物学の進化生物学について
生理学生理学とは

背景:

流行病学的観察は,人生の初期に環境要因が成人の慢性非伝染性疾患 (NCD) リスクに影響することを示唆しています.
遺伝的および成人の生活習慣の要因は,NCDに寄与することが知られている.
新興の証拠は,重要な早期発達期間の環境の影響を示しています.

研究の目的:

早期の環境曝露が成人疾患リスクに影響するという仮説を検証する.
この概念をサポートするために,進化生物学,発達生物学,生理学の発見を統合する.
健康と病気の発達起源 (DOHaD) の潜在的な生物学的,医学的,社会経済的影響を強調する.

主な方法:

流行病学的観察のレビュー.
進化生物学からの研究の合成.
発達生物学と動物/ヒト生理学の発見の統合.

主要な成果:

初期の生活環境が成人疾患の感受性に影響を与えるという仮説の支持.
環境の影響に対する重要な窓として,周周概念,胎児,乳児の段階を特定する.
健康と病気の発達起源 (DOHaD) の概念は,複数の科学分野によって支持されています.

結論:

幼少期の環境への曝露は,成人の健康を決定する重要な要因である.
DOHaDのコンセプトは,慢性疾患の理解と予防のための新しい枠組みを提供します.
これらの初期の影響を理解することは,公衆衛生と医学に深い影響を及ぼします.

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