子どもたちが言語の核心的な特性を生み出す:ニカラグアで新興する手話言語の証拠
Ann Senghas1, Sotaro Kita, Asli Ozyürek
1Department of Psychology, Barnard College of Columbia University, 3009 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA. annie@alum.mit.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 18, 2004
まとめ
子どもたちは自発的に新しい手話を作り出し,先天的な言語学習能力を発揮しました. 彼らは複雑な出来事を分割し,表現を階層的に構造化し,基本的な言語の原則を確立しました.
科学分野:
- 言語学 言語学とは
- 発達心理学の心理学について
- アントロポロジー (人類学)
背景:
- ニカラグアの新しい手話言語は,25年以上にわたって有機的に生まれました.
- これは,言語の起源と普遍的な言語構造へのユニークな窓を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- 新しい手話言語の初期の創造と言語的発展を観察する.
- 基本的な言語構造の確立における子どもの役割を特定する.
主な方法:
- 初期のニカラグア手話のジェスチャー形式の分析.
- 連続した学習者のコホートとその言語的貢献の観察.
主要な成果:
- 子どもたちは複雑な出来事を基本的な要素に分割し,階層的な構造を作り出しました.
- これらの原則は,周囲の話し言葉のジェスチャーには存在しなかった.
- 後の学習者は,そのジェスチャルシステムを,複雑な言語システムへと洗練した.
結論:
- 子どもの早期のセグメンテーションと再結合能力は,言語の習得と永続の鍵です.
- 子供の生まれつきの学習メカニズムは,言語の核心構造を言語に提供します.
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