哺乳類の遺伝子発現の外部制御は,RNAの自己分裂を調節することによって行われる
Laising Yen1, Jennifer Svendsen, Jeng-Shin Lee
1Department of Genetics, Harvard Institute of Human Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Division of Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|September 24, 2004
まとめ
科学者たちは,哺乳類の細胞のための新しいRNAベースの遺伝子調節システムを設計しました. このシステムは,自己分裂RNAモチーフを使用して,遺伝子発現を制御し,特定の分子によってオンにすることができます.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝子規制 遺伝子規制
- RNAセラピュティックス
背景:
- 細菌の遺伝子発現は,代謝産物に反応するRNAメカニズムによって制御されます.
- これらのメカニズムは,翻訳,転写終止,RNAの自己分裂を調節する.
- 哺乳類の細胞での応用のために,類似のシステムが求められている.
研究 の 目的:
- 哺乳類の細胞におけるRNAベースの遺伝子調節システムを設計し,実証する.
- 誘導性遺伝子発現制御のための自己分裂RNAモチーフを活用する.
- 遺伝子療法と生物学的センシングにおける応用を探求する.
主な方法:
- 遺伝子転写ユニットに自己分裂RNAモチーフを組み込みました.
- 補完的なオリゴヌクレオチドまたは小分子を投与して,自己分裂を抑制する.
- 細胞系と生きた動物におけるトランスゲン発現の調節を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 自発的なRNAトランスクリプト分裂による遺伝子発現の強力な阻害が実証されています.
- RNAの自己分裂を阻害することによって,遺伝子発現の効率的な誘導を達成した.
- 様々な哺乳類の細胞タイプと in vivo でのトランスゲン発現の効果的な調節を示した.
結論:
- 哺乳類の細胞のための汎用的なRNAベースの遺伝子調節システムを開発した.
- このシステムは,小さな誘導体を使用して遺伝子発現の正確な制御を可能にします.
- 潜在的な応用には,新しい生物学的センサーと標的型タンパク質療法薬の投与が含まれます.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
02:02Cis-regulatory Sequences
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
02:33Combinatorial Gene Control
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
02:18Alternative RNA Splicing
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
01:23Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...