社会経済的地位と精神疾患:因果関係選択の問題
B P Dohrenwend1, I Levav, P E Shrout
1New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY.
まとめ
この研究では,精神疾患が社会的因果関係や選択によって社会経済的地位 (SES) を低下させるかどうかを調査した. 調査結果は,社会的選択が統合失調症に影響を及ぼし,社会的因果関係がうつ病や反社会的行動に影響を及ぼすことを示唆している.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 精神科医は精神病を患っている.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学とは
背景:
- 精神疾患と社会経済的地位 (SES) の関係について議論されている.
- 2つの主要な仮説が存在します:社会的因果関係 (混乱につながる逆境) と社会的選択 (下向きの移動につながる障害).
- 出生時に決定された民族的地位は,これらの仮説を区別するための代理として機能します.
研究 の 目的:
- 精神疾患と社会経済的な地位を結びつける病因学的経路を調査する.
- この関係における社会的因果関係と社会的選択の相対的な貢献を決定する.
- これらの経路を様々な精神疾患や人口集団で調べる.
主な方法:
- イスラエルで4914人の若い成人の出生コホートを利用しました.
- 精神疾患の評価は,精神科のスクリーニングと診断を通じて行われます.
- 民族的地位 (ヨーロッパ人対北アフリカ人) と社会経済的な地位 (教育および職業的業績) の関係を調べた.
主要な成果:
- 社会的な選択は統合失調症においてより重要であるように思われる.
- 社会的な因果関係は,女性のうつ病により大きな影響を及ぼしているようです.
- 社会的な因果関係は,男性における反社会的人格および薬物使用障害にも関与しています.
結論:
- 精神疾患とSESの相互作用は複雑で,疾患特有である.
- 民族的背景は,社会的因果関係と選択の影響を緩和する可能性があります.
- 発見は,精神的健康の格差を理解する際の微妙なアプローチの必要性を強調しています.
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