マグネシウム硫酸塩と火星の水の歴史
David T Vaniman1, David L Bish, Steve J Chipera
1Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), MS D462, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA. vaniman@lanl.gov
Nature
|October 8, 2004
まとめ
火星上の硫酸マグネシウムの塩は,かなりの量の水を保持することができ,観測された赤道水を潜在的に説明します. 彼らの水分状態は,温度と湿度に敏感であり,正確な火星の水の歴史評価のためにインサイト分析が必要です.
科学分野:
- 惑星科学は惑星科学である.
- 天体生物学 アストロバイオロジー
- 地質化学 地質化学
背景:
- 火星表面の堆積物には,硫酸塩が約30%含まれており,おそらく水素化されている.
- 水酸化硫酸塩は,宇宙船"オデッセイ"によって検出された赤道水に起因する可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 火星の表面条件下でMgSO4*nH2O (硫酸マグネシウム水合物) の水分保持能力を調査する.
- これらの塩の可能なH2O含有量を温度,圧力,湿度に基づいて制限する.
主な方法:
- MgSO4*nH2O相を様々な温度,圧力,湿度にさらすこと.
- 結晶構造とH2O含有量の分析.
- アモルフな相に対する脱水の運動学的研究.
主要な成果:
- 水分化状態と結晶構造は,温度-圧力経歴に依存しています.
- 緩やかな脱水運動を持つ無形な水分相は,相対湿度1%未満で形成されます.
- マグネシウム硫酸塩は,いくつかのオデッセイ観測を説明するために十分な水を保持することができます.
結論:
- マグネシウム硫酸水素は,かなりのH2Oを保持することができ,火星の水の理解に貢献します.
- これらの塩の環境条件に対する感受性は,in-situ分析の重要性を強調しています.
- 塩水素の変換は,サンプル採取時に直ちに分析し,元の状態を維持する必要があります.
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