アマゾンの先住民集団における正確な,近似的な算数.
Pierre Pica1, Cathy Lemer, Véronique Izard
1Unité Mixte de Recherche 7023 "Formal Structures of Language," CNRS and Paris VIII University, Paris, France.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 16, 2004
まとめ
人間の計算能力は異なっています. 非言語システムは,近似的な数字を処理し,言語は正確な算数には極めて重要です,Mundurukúの人々の研究で示されているように.
科学分野:
- コグニティブ・サイエンス コグニティブ・サイエンス
- 言語学 言語学とは
- アントロポロジー人類学
背景:
- 言語と数学的認知の関係について議論されている.
- 限られた数の語彙を持つ先住民族のコミュニティにおける数学的能力を調査することで,ユニークな洞察が得られます.
研究 の 目的:
- 言語能力に対する算数の能力の依存を調査する.
- 限られた数の単語辞書を持つアマゾンの言語であるムンドゥルルクーの話者における数学的認知を調査する.
主な方法:
- ムンドゥルルクー語話者の数学的認知の比較研究.
- 概算および正確な算術の課題における能力の評価.
- Mundurukúの命名範囲を超えた数値でのパフォーマンスの分析.
主要な成果:
- ムンドゥルルクーの話者は,数単語の制限を超えた大量の近似数字を比較し,足すことができます.
- 正確な算数演算は,その小さな語彙 (4または5まで) の数字に限定されます.
- 非言語的な数値近似と言語に依存した正確な計算の間の分離が観察されました.
結論:
- 数学的認知は,近似と正確な計算のための異なるシステムで構成されています.
- 言語は,正確な算数の開発と実行に不可欠です.
- この発見は,正確な計算を行う人間の能力が,言語構造と内在的に結びついていることを示唆している.
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