健康のための人材の格差を埋める方法
Charles Hongoro1, Barbara McPake
1London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|October 19, 2004
まとめ
低所得国の医療制度は,深刻な不足と人材の質の問題に直面しています. 研修を通じて医療人材を増やすことは,非常に限られており,複雑な世界的な健康課題を強調しています.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 保健システムの強化
- 健康のための人材 保健のための人材
背景:
- 人力資源は医療システムにとって不可欠ですが,開発ではしばしば見過ごされています.
- 低,中所得国は,健康上の需要が増大する (例えば,ミレニアム開発目標,HIV/AIDS治療へのアクセスなど) に直面しています.
- 高所得国と比較して,医療従事者の数とスキルの点で大きな格差がある.
研究 の 目的:
- 保健システムにおける人材の重要な役割と課題を強調する.
- 資源の限られた環境における医療従事者の供給と質に関する懸念に対処する.
- 医療人材の拡大における制約を検証する.
主な方法:
- 保健システムの構成要素の質的分析.
- グローバルな保健イニシアチブと,その労働力需要への影響のレビュー.
- 労働力の供給と訓練の制限の評価.
主要な成果:
- 人力資源は,保健システムの核心でありながら,まだ発展していない側面です.
- 低所得国は,医療従事者の深刻な不足と質の問題を経験しています.
- 医師と看護師の訓練に基づく拡大は,著しく制限されています.
結論:
- 人力資源の危機に対処することは,低所得国の効果的な保健システムにとって不可欠です.
- この問題は複雑で,複数の相互に関連した要因が関わっています.
- 伝統的な訓練の拡大を超えた革新的な戦略が必要である.
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