インシリコ遺伝学:H2-Ealpha遺伝子発現を調節する機能的要素の特定
Guochun Liao1, Jianmei Wang, Jingshu Guo
1Department of Genetics and Genomics, Roche Palo Alto, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1397, USA.
まとめ
新しい計算手法により,表型特性をハプロタイプブロックにマッピングすることで,マウスの遺伝子モデルの分析を加速します. このアプローチは,遺伝的特性を正確に予測し,機能的なゲノム要素を特定し,近親性のマウス株の変異の研究を改善します.
科学分野:
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- バイオインフォマティックス
- コンピュータ生物学 コンピュータ生物学
背景:
- 血縁性マウス株の遺伝子変異を分析することは,複雑な特性を理解するために重要です.
- 現行のフェノタイプの特性を遺伝的変異にマッピングする方法は,時間がかかる可能性があります.
- 機能的なゲノム要素を特定するには,洗練された分析方法が必要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 同性愛マウス株におけるハプロタイプブロックにフェノタイプの特性をマッピングするための計算方法の開発と検証.
- 株特有の特徴と遺伝子発現の規制の遺伝的基礎を特定するこの方法の有用性を実証する.
- 特徴発見のためのネズミの遺伝子モデルの分析を加速する.
主な方法:
- ファノタイプ的変異をハプロタイプブロックと関連付けるための新しい計算アルゴリズムの開発.
- 既知の株特有の特徴の遺伝的基礎を予測するための方法の適用.
- この方法を使用して,H2-Ealpha遺伝子発現を調節する機能的なゲノム要素を特定します.
主要な成果:
- 計算方法は,いくつかの生物学的に重要な菌株特有の現象特性の遺伝的基礎を成功裏に予測しました.
- H2-Ealpha遺伝子発現を調節するアレル固有の機能的ゲノム要素が,最初のイントロン内で特定されました.
- この元素には,転写因子YY1と血清応答因子の結合部位が含まれています.
結論:
- 開発された計算手法により,同性愛マウス株における表型変異の遺伝的基盤を特定する能力が著しく向上しています.
- このアプローチは,定性的な特徴や定量的な遺伝子発現を含む多様なデータタイプに適用できます.
- この発見は,マウスモデルにおけるゲノタイプ-フェノタイプ関係のより深い理解を容易にする.
関連する概念動画
What is Gene Expression?
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Cell Specific Gene Expression
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
General Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...


