フィロジオグラフィー: イングリッシュ・エルム (English elm) は,2000年前のローマのクローンです
Luis Gil1, Pablo Fuentes-Utrilla, Alvaro Soto
1Departamento de Silvopascicultura, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. lgil@montes.upm.es
Nature
|October 29, 2004
まとめ
イングリッシュ・エルム (Ulmus procera) は,ローマで運ばれた単一のクローンから生まれた. この古代の種なしの品種は,種なしの品種です.
科学分野:
- 植物学 植物学
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 歴史 歴史 歴史 歴史 歴史 歴史
背景:
- オランダのエルム病は,1970年代に欧州のエルム群を壊滅させ,イギリスで2500万本の樹木が死に至った.
- Ulmus procera,英語のエルムスは,特にこの病気の影響を受けました.
研究 の 目的:
- イングリッシュ・エルム (Ulmus procera) の遺伝的起源と歴史的な分散を調査する.
- Ulmus proceraのクローン史と,オランダエルム病の蔓延におけるその潜在的な役割を理解する.
主な方法:
- 分子データを活用して,Ulmus procera集団の遺伝子組成を分析した.
- このエルム種の古代の移動と栽培を追跡するための歴史的記録を組み込みました.
主要な成果:
- 英語のエルムが,単一の古代のクローンから派生したことを確認しました.
- このクローンは,ローマ人によってイタリアからイベリア半島経由でブドウ栽培のためにイギリスに運ばれたことが判明しました.
- その効率的な植物的繁殖と種子生産の欠如が,2000年間クローン的に保存されたことを特定しました.
結論:
- 2千年以上にわたって確立されたイングリッシュ・エルムスの長年のクローン均一性は,その極端な感受性とオランダ・エルム病の急速な拡散に寄与したと考えられます.
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