人力資源と健康成果: 各国間のエコノメトリック研究
Sudhir Anand1, Till Bärnighausen
1University of Oxford, Department of Economics, Oxford, UK. sudhir.anand@economics.ox.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|November 3, 2004
まとめ
健康密度のための人材の増加は,母子死亡率を大幅に低下させる. 医療従事者への投資は,世界保健目標を達成し,母親と子供の生存率を改善するために不可欠です.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 健康経済学 医療経済学
- デモグラフィー デモグラフィー 人口統計
背景:
- 健康のための人材 (HRH) が健康上の成果に与える影響に関する研究は限られている.
- 以前の研究では,HRHと健康成果の関係に関する矛盾した結論が得られた.
研究 の 目的:
- 先進的な方法を使用して,死亡率に対するHRH密度の強さと重要性を調査する.
- 総合的および特定のHRH密度 (医師,看護師) と死亡率との関連性を分析する.
主な方法:
- 複数の国間回帰分析が行われました.
- 妊産婦死亡率,乳児死亡率,および5歳未満の死亡率を依存変数として使用した.
- 収入,女性成人の識字率,そして絶対的所得貧困でコントロールされる.
主要な成果:
- HRH密度は,三つの死亡率 (p < 0.0036) をすべて有意に予測する.
- 医師の密度は,すべての死亡率 (p < 0.0029) と有意な負の関連を示した.
- 看護師の密度は,所得貧困が除外された場合にのみ,妊産婦死亡率と有意に関連していた (p=0.0443).
結論:
- HRH密度は,母,乳児,および5歳未満の死亡率の決定的な決定因子です.
- 妊産婦死亡率の減少に対するHRH密度の影響は,幼児死亡率よりも顕著です.
- HRHへの投資は,母子保健に関連するミレニアム開発目標の達成に不可欠です.
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