アナフェーズ促進複合体によるシナプスサイズと活動の独立した調節

Peter van Roessel¹, David A Elliott, Iain M Robinson

¹Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute and Department of Anatomy, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, United Kingdom.

Cell

|November 20, 2004

まとめ

アナフェーズ促進複合体/サイクロソーム (APC/C) は,神経細胞におけるシナプス成長と伝播を調節する. このE3ユビキチンリガゼは,シナプスサイズとグルタミン酸受容体のレベルを制御する.

科学分野:

神経科学は神経科学である.
細胞生物学細胞生物学
分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

ニューロンの可塑性は,シナプスタンパク質の正確な調節に依存しています.
ユビキチン-プロテアゾーム系はタンパク質のレベルを制御するが,神経のユビキティレーションにおけるその役割は不明である.
アナフェーズ促進複合体/サイクロソーム (APC/C) は,細胞循環の重要な調節体であり,E3ユビキチンリガゼである.

研究の目的:

転移後のニューロンにおけるAPC/Cの機能的役割を調査する.
APC/Cがシナプス発育と機能を調節するメカニズムを解明する.

主な方法:

Drosophila melanogasterをモデル生物として利用しました.
神経筋シナプスのAPC / Cの役割を調査しました.
Liprin-alphaおよびグルタミン酸受容体を含む下流効果因子を調べました.

主要な成果:

ドロソフィラの神経筋シナプスにおけるAPC/Cの新型のポストミトーシス機能を特定した.
ニューロンにおけるリプリンアルファによるシナプス成長のAPC/C依存の調節が実証されている.
筋肉のポストシナプスグルタミン酸受容体を調節することによって,シナプス伝送のAPC/C媒介制御を示した.

結論:

APC/Cは,シナプス細胞の成長と伝播を制御する際,異なった役割を果たします.
APC/Cは,神経と筋肉の特定の下流ターゲットを介してシナプスサイズと機能を制御します.

さらに関連する動画

11:36

Analyzing Synaptic Modulation of Drosophila melanogaster Photoreceptors after Exposure to Prolonged Light

Published on: February 10, 2017

10:52

Evaluation of Synaptic Multiplicity Using Whole-cell Patch-clamp Electrophysiology

Published on: April 23, 2019

関連する概念動画

01:32

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.

02:36

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...

02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...

01:39

Anaphase A and B

Microtubules form through the end-to-end polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Kinetochore microtubules originate from the spindle poles, and their plus-ends connect with the kinetochores on sister-chromatids. Ndc80 protein complexes, present on the kinetochore, form low-affinity links with the plus end of these kinetochore microtubules.
Plus-end depolymerization releases tubulin heterodimers from the terminal region of the microtubule. As tubulin subunits are lost, the Ndc80 complexes detach...

00:50

Anaphase Promoting Complex

The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...