ルアペーフ火山の下の地震アニソトロピー:噴火を予測するツールとなる可能性がある
Alexander Gerst1, Martha K Savage
1Institute of Geophysics, School of Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. publications@planet3.de
まとめ
ルアペフ火山の火山噴火は,地震アニソトロピーの方向を大きく変えました. マグマ活動に関連した地殻のストレスの変化は,火山の監視と噴火の予測のための新しい方法を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
- 火山学 火山学とは
- 地震学 地震学とは
背景:
- 火山噴火は,火山の地下ストレスフィールドに重大な変化を引き起こす可能性があります.
- 地震アニソトロピーは,地震波速度の方向的依存性であり,地殻のストレスに敏感です.
- ニュージーランドにあるルアペフ火山は,大きな噴火とマグマ活動の歴史があります.
研究 の 目的:
- ルアペフ火山の地殻の地震性アニソトロピーに起した火山噴火の影響を調査する.
- 火山のストレスに対するモニタリング技術として地震アニソトロピーの変化の可能性を評価する.
- これらの変化を火山噴火の中期予測に利用する可能性を検討する.
主な方法:
- 地震アニソトロピーは,1994年,1998年,2002年の地震計の配備を使用して測定されました.
- 急速なアニソトロピック方向は地殻のストレスインシット測定として使用されました.
- 分析は,1995~1996年の噴火前と後のアニソトロピーの方向の変化に焦点を当てた.
主要な成果:
- 地殻の地震性アニソトロピーの方向性は,少なくとも2回,最大80度まで変化しました.
- 1995-1996年の噴火の後,著しいストレスの方向の変化が観察されました.
- 2002年の測定では,噴火前のストレス状態に部分的に戻ったことが示されました.
結論:
- 火山噴火,特に堤防に関連するマグマ活動により,地殻のストレスが大きく,急速に変化することがあります.
- 地震アニソトロピーの測定は,火山の下のストレス変動を監視するための貴重なツールを提供します.
- これらの発見は,中期噴火予測のための新しい技術の開発を支援します.
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