形状調整可能なポリマーノードルは,リング開きメタテシスポリメリゼーションによるリポソームから育つ
Nathalie Jarroux1, Patrick Keller, Anne-Françoise Mingotaud
1Laboratoire de Physicochimie Curie, Institut Curie, UMR 168, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 9, 2004
まとめ
研究者らは,水中のリング開封メタテシスポリメリゼーション (ROMP) のための新しいイニシアター-サーファクタント分子を開発した. この方法により,ポリマーノドルのリポソーム上の制御された成長が可能になり,水性ポリメリゼーションの新たな可能性が生まれます.
科学分野:
- ポリマー化学のポリマー化学について
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- バイオテクノロジー バイオテクノロジー
背景:
- 水溶液中のポリマーの形状とサイズを制御することは困難です.
- リポソームは,表面誘発ポリメリゼーションのためのユニークなプラットフォームを提供します.
- 水中の膜からのポリメリゼーションの既存の方法は,限界があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 水性環開拓メタテシスポリメリゼーション (ROMP) のための新しいインイスルフ分子を合成し,利用する.
- リポソームの表面からポリマーノードルの制御された成長を調査する.
- ポリマーノードル形状に対するモノマー選択の影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- 表面活性剤とイニシアターの両方として作用する新しいinisurf分子の合成.
- リポソーム表面に固定された,水害性のGrubbs触媒誘導体を利用する.
- 水相に溶けたモノマーのROMPを実行し,リポソーム表面から開始します.
主要な成果:
- 水溶液中のリポソーム表面からの成功したポリメリゼーション.
- 数十マイクロメートルまで成長する,制御可能な大きさのポリマーノードルの形成.
- 使用されたモノマーによって異なるノードル形 (球形または彗星形) の観察.
結論:
- 新型inisurf分子は,リポソームのインターフェイスから水溶液中のROMPを効果的に媒介します.
- このアプローチは,ポリマーノードルのサイズと形状を効率的に制御します.
- 水性環境における膜ベースのポリメリゼーションのための新しい道を開く.
さらに関連する動画
09:22Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
Published on: February 7, 2017
11:42Synthesis of Monodisperse Cylindrical Nanoparticles via Crystallization-driven Self-assembly of Biodegradable Block Copolymers
Published on: June 20, 2019
関連する概念動画
02:34Polymers
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
01:04Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael acceptor.
00:57Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
01:17Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, high molecular...
01:03Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
01:08Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers
Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...