アラビドプシスとダウニー菌の宿主-寄生虫共同進化の衝突

Rebecca L Allen¹, Peter D Bittner-Eddy, Laura J Grenville-Briggs

¹Warwick, HRI University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, Warwick, CV35 9EF, UK.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|December 14, 2004

まとめ

RPP13のような植物性耐性遺伝子やATR13のような病原性耐性遺伝子は,極端な多様性を示しています. これは,植物と病原体が互いに絶えず適応する共進化的軍拡競争を示唆しています.

科学分野:

植物病理学植物病理学
分子進化は分子進化である.
遺伝学遺伝学とは

背景:

植物には先天的な免疫力があるが,適応性免疫システムは欠けている.
自然の植物集団は,広範囲に広がる病気の流行に対して回復力を発揮します.
植物と病原体の相互作用を理解することは,植物集団の動態の鍵です.

研究の目的:

アラビドプシス・タライアナのRPP13媒介の耐性を引き起こすアビルレンスのATR13遺伝子をクローンする.
RPP13とATR13の両方のポリモルフィズムレベルを調査する.
植物耐性遺伝子と病原体耐性遺伝子の間の進化のダイナミクスを探求する.

主な方法:

ATR13.の遺伝子クローニング
RPP13とATR13におけるアレル多様性とアミノ酸多形態性の分析.
選択のサインを検出するための統計分析.

主要な成果:

毒性遺伝子のATR13がクローン化され,成功しました.
RPP13とATR13の両方とも,異常に高いレベルのアミノ酸多形態化を示しています.
両遺伝子の多様化選択の証拠が観察されました.

結論:

RPP13とATR13の極端なポリモルフィズムは,植物と病原体との強い共進化的対立を示しています.
この宿主-病原菌の相互作用は,これらの特定の遺伝的場所での急速な適応と反適応を促します.
この発見は,天然の植物集団における遺伝的多様性の維持に光を当てている.

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