腫瘍血管の正常化:抗血管新生療法における新興概念
1E. L. Steele Lab for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Cox-7, 100 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA. jain@steele.mgh.harvard.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 8, 2005
まとめ
特定の抗血管新生薬は,腫瘍の血管系を正常化し,酸素と栄養素の供給を改善する可能性があります. この血管の正常化は,低酸素症を緩和し,薬剤の有効性を高めることによって,がん治療を改善することができます.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
- ドラッグ開発 ドラッグ開発
背景:
- 固体腫瘍は,成長と生存のために腫瘍血管系に依存しています.
- 現在の抗血管新生療法では,主に腫瘍の血管を破壊することを目的としています.
- この破壊は,腫瘍の酸素と栄養を飢えさせると考えられています.
研究 の 目的:
- 抗血管新生剤に関する代替仮説のための新興証拠をレビューする.
- 腫瘍血管系における血管正常化の概念を探求する.
- 血管正常化の潜在的な治療的影響について議論する.
主な方法:
- 既存の科学文献と研究成果のレビュー.
- 特定の抗血管新生剤が腫瘍血管系に及ぼす影響に関するデータの分析.
- 血管正常化仮説を支持する証拠の合成.
主要な成果:
- 特定の抗血管新生剤は,異常な腫瘍血管系を一時的に正常化させることができます.
- 血管の正常化は,腫瘍に酸素と栄養素を供給する効率を改善します.
- 血管の正常化は,腫瘍の低酸素を和らげ,薬物の投与を向上させることができます.
結論:
- 抗血管新生療法には,腫瘍血管の破壊と正常化という二重の役割があるかもしれません.
- 血管の正常化は,慎重にスケジュールされた場合,従来のがん治療の有効性を向上させることができます.
- 血管の正常化メカニズムを理解すると,再生医療を含む,がんやその他の血管系異常を含む疾患の治療法の改善につながる可能性があります.
関連する概念動画
01:10Mechanism of Angiogenesis
Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
01:24Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
01:16Vascular Spasm
The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last for...
01:17Autoregulation of Blood Flow
Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation.
01:07Development of Blood Vessels
The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
01:27Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...