アフガニスタンから帰還した米陸軍レンジャー隊にマラリアが流行した
Russ S Kotwal1, Robert B Wenzel, Raymond A Sterling
1Army-Navy Aerospace Medicine Residency, Naval Operational Medicine Institute, Pensacola, Fla 32508, USA. russ.kotwal@us.army.mil
JAMA
|January 13, 2005
まとめ
マラリアの症例,主にプラズモディアム・ビバックス (Plasmodium vivax) は,アフガニスタンから帰還した米軍兵士で確認された. 予防措置の遵守が低いことが,疫病の発生に寄与し,帰還兵の診断に警戒する必要性を強調した.
科学分野:
- 軍事医学は,軍事医学である.
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- トロピカル・メディシンは,熱帯医学です.
背景:
- 世界各地に配備されている米軍員は,マラリアに感染するリスクがあります.
- 医療従事者は,帰還軍人の輸入マラリアの診断に備えなければならない.
研究 の 目的:
- 戦闘地帯に配備された米陸軍職員の中でのマラリア症例を特定するために.
- 配備された兵士のマラリアの発生率と特徴を評価する.
主な方法:
- 米国陸軍医療システム内で一連のケースが実施されました.
- マラリアの症例は,アフガニスタン東部 (2002年6月~9月) に配備されたレンジャー・タスク・フォースで確認された.
- 兵士の自己報告による抗マラリア対策の遵守は,匿名の調査を通じて収集されました.
主要な成果:
- プラズモディウムビバックスマラリアの38例が特定され,攻撃率は1000人の兵士に52.4でした.
- 診断は遅れており,帰国後平均233日後に発症し,貧血と血小板減少が一般的であった.
- 化学予防と虫駆除剤の使用に対する自己報告の遵守は,29%から52%の割合で,最適以下でした.
結論:
- プラズモディウムビバックスマラリアは遅延した症状を呈し,帰還軍人の差異診断に含めることが必要になります.
- 化学予防と昆虫駆除剤を含む予防措置の低い遵守は,配備された集団におけるマラリアの発生と関連しています.
- 診断の警戒と予防戦略の遵守の改善は,軍事環境におけるマラリアのリスクを軽減するために不可欠です.
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