海洋アネモンのWnt遺伝子ファミリーの予想外の複雑さ
Arne Kusserow1, Kevin Pang, Carsten Sturm
1Institute of Zoology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Schnittspahnstrasse 10, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
Nature
|January 15, 2005
まとめ
Wnt遺伝子のファミリーである.
科学分野:
- 進化的発達生物学 進化的発達生物学
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- Wnt遺伝子ファミリーは,動物の発達と病気に不可欠な分泌されたシグナル伝達分子をコードします.
- メタゾーン特有のWnt遺伝子ファミリーの進化史は,ほとんど不明のままである.
- 以前の研究では,脊椎動物で12のWntサブファミリーが特定され,Ecdysozoa.で発見されたのは6つだけでした.
研究 の 目的:
- Wnt遺伝子ファミリーの祖先の多様性と進化を調査する.
- 初期のメタゾアンの系統を代表する,コニダリアンのWnt遺伝子レパートリーを特徴づける.
- 多細胞動物におけるWnt信号伝達の初期の進化を理解するために.
主な方法:
- 海藻ネマトステラベクトンセンス (Nematostella vectensis) から Wnt遺伝子を分離し,同定しました.
- Wnt遺伝子の関係とサブファミリーの保存を決定するための系統遺伝分析.
- N. vectensisの胚生成中のWnt遺伝子発現パターンの分析.
主要な成果:
- ネマトステラ・ベクトンシス (Nematostella vectensis) では12のWnt遺伝子が特定され,祖先の多様性が顕著であることを示した.
- 系統遺伝学的分析により,少なくとも11のWntサブファミリーが,コニダリアンとバイラテリアンに共有されていることが明らかになった.
- 5つのWntサブファミリーは,原生体の系統で失われているようです.
- 胚形成中のWnt遺伝子の発現は, gastrulationと主軸形成における役割を強調しています.
結論:
- Wnt遺伝子ファミリーは,以前に考えられていたよりも初期の多細胞動物においてより大きな複雑性を進化させ,カンブリア爆発より先行した.
- この発見は,Wnt遺伝子が初期のユーメタゾアンの体プランの多様化において重要な役割を果たしていることを示唆している.
- この研究は,Wnt信号伝達の深い進化史に関する新しい洞察を提供します.
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