地球質量のダークマターのハローは,初期の宇宙の最初の構造として存在した
1Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
Nature
|January 28, 2005
まとめ
宇宙で最初に形成された物体は,地球質量のダークマターのハローである. これらの安定した構造は,中性暗黒物質を用いてシミュレートされ,ガンマ線放射によって検出されます.
科学分野:
- コスモロジー・コスモロジーとは
- 天体物理学 天体物理学
- 素粒子物理学 素粒子物理学について
背景:
- 初期の宇宙 (赤道移転 z=100) は,物質分布の微小な変動で,ほぼ平らでした.
- これらの変動の重力崩壊は,ビッグバン後に構造の形成を開始した.
- ダークマターの性質は,現代科学における未解決の大きな問題である.
研究 の 目的:
- コンコンダンス宇宙学モデルにおける構造形成をシミュレートする.
- ニュートラリノ暗黒物質を前提とした初期の形成物体の性質を調査する.
- 最初のダークマターの構造の豊富さと特徴を決定する.
主な方法:
- スーパーコンピュータのシミュレーションを利用した.
- ニュートラリノ暗黒物質とコンコンダンス宇宙学モデルを使用した.
- シミュレートされたダークマターのハローの安定性と分布を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 地球質量の多くのダークマターのハローを,太陽系に匹敵する大きさで,形成された最初の構造として特定しました.
- これらのハローは,天の川の中心のような密度の高い地域でも,重力的に安定しています.
- 銀河のハローの中に,このようなハローが10^15以上存在すると予測されています.
結論:
- 最初の宇宙構造は,小さな,地球質量のダークマターのハローである.
- 中性粒子のダークマターのシミュレーションは,安定した,早期形成された構造物の豊富な存在を予測しています.
- これらのハローは,粒子滅亡による検出可能なガンマ線の潜在的な源です.
関連する概念動画
Conditions on Early Earth
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
Conditions on Early Earth
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium
Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If we...
Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon
No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape velocity with the...
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape velocity with the...
Detection of Black Holes
Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
Gravitation Between Spherically Symmetric Masses
The gravitational potential energy between two spherically symmetric bodies can be calculated from the masses and the distance between the bodies, assuming that the center of mass is concentrated at the respective centers of the bodies.


